| | Subject Index A | | Abstract conceptualization, 206 | | | Action learning, 107 –109, 153 | | advantages, 109 –110 | | | failures, 110 –114 | | | performance interventions, 249 –250 | | Active experimentation, 206 | | | Active mind, 36 | | | Actor-observer bias, 120 | | | Adaptability, 16 | | | Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST), 52, 55 –59 | | | Adult development, see also Higher education programs | | capacity approach, 240, 244 –245 | | | content approach, 240, 242 –243 | | | ego development, 16 | | | history of, 14, 239 | | | leadership programs, 201 –202 | | | life stories and events, 243, 244 | | | models of, 239 –240 | | | orders of consciousness, 16 –18 | | | paradox of, 15 | | | postformal approaches to, 14 | | | process approach, 240, 241 –242 | | | reflective judgment, 15 –16 | | | structural approach, 240, 244 | | | | | Advanced information technology (AIT), see also E-leadership; Technology | | anonymity, 61 | | | appropriation of structures, 56 –59 | | | challenges to leaders, 50 | | | defined, 53 | | | effects of, 49, 52 | | | group leadership and, 61 –63 | | | interpretation of, 54 | | | social systems and, 54 –57, 63 | | | spirit of structural features, 56, 58 | | | structural features, 56 | | | user response to, 55 | | | | Age, 244 | | | Agee, William, 38 | | | Agenda setting, 41 | | | Ambition, 37 | | | Analogous events, 243 | | | Anchoring events, 243 | | | Anonymity | | feedback, 89, 90, 93 | | | group dynamics and, 61 –62 | | | | Appraisal motive, 117 | | | Appropriation of structures, 56 –59 | | | Assessment | | of leadership studies programs, 231 –232 | | | performance, 205 | | | | | Assessment centers, 205, 253 | | | Associations, professional, 226 | | | AST, see Adaptive Structuration Theory | | | Authority, formal, 42 | B | | BB&T, code of values, 34 | | | Bounded rationality, 187 | | | Brick walls, 154 –155 | C | | Capacity approach, 240, 244 –245 | | | Cascading leadership, 152 | | | CEOs, see Chief Executive Officers | | | Challenge, 205 | -273- | | |