The de Soto Chronicles: The Expedition of Hernando de Soto to North America in 1539-1543 - Vol. 2

Table of contents

• The De Soto Chronicles *
• The De Soto Chronicles - The Expedition of Hernando De Soto to North America in 1539–1543 *
• Contents *
• Illustrations *
• Foreword *
• The De Soto Chronicles *
• Garcilaso De La Vega, the Inca *
• La Florida - By the Inca *
• Contents *
• To the Most Excellent SeÑor Don Theodosio of Portugal - Duke of Braganza and of Barcelos, Etc *
• Preface to the Reader *
• First Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - Hernando De Soto Asks of the Emperor Charles V the Conquest of La Florida. His Majesty Grants It to Him *
• II - Description of La Florida, and Who Was the First Discoverer of It, and the Second, and Third 63
• III - Concerning Other Discoverers Who Have Gone to La Florida 65
• IV - Concerning Still Others Who Have Made the Same Journey to La Florida, and Concerning the Customs and Usual Arms of Its Natives 67
• V - The Provisions of the Conquest Are Published in Spain, and the Great Preparations That Are Made for It 71
• VI - Of the Number of Men and Captains Who Embarked for La Florida 72
• VII - What Happened to the Fleet on the First Night of Its Voyage 75
• VIII - The Fleet Arrives at Santiago De Cuba, and What Happened to the Flagship at the Entrance of the Port 77
• IX - Naval Battle Between Two Ships Within the Harbor of Santiago De Cuba, Which Lasted Four Days 80
• X - The Naval Battle Continues Its Course, Until It is Finished 82
• XI - Of the Celebrations They Held for the Governor in Santiago De Cuba 84
• XII - The Provisions the Governor Obtained in Santiago De Cuba, and a Notable Case Concerning the Natives of Those Islands 86
• XIII - The Governor Goes to La Havana, and the Preparations He Makes There for His Conquest 89
• XIV - A Ship Arrives at La Havana in Which Comes HernÁn Ponce, Companion of the Governor 91
• XV - The Things That Passed Between HernÁn Ponce De LeÓn and Hernando De Soto, and How the Governor Embarked for La Florida 94
• First Part of the Second Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Governor Arrives in La Florida, and Finds Traces of PÁnphilo De NarvÁez *
• II - Concerning the Tortures That a Cacique Inflicted Upon a Spaniard, His Slave 102
• III - The Hard Life of the Captive Christian Continues, and How He Fled from His Master 106
• IV - Of the Magnanimity of the Curaca or Cacique MucoÇo, to Whom the Captive Commended Himself 108
• V - The Governor Sends for Juan Ortiz 111
• VI - What Happened Between Juan Ortiz and the Spaniards Who Were Coming for Him 113
• VII - The Celebration That the Whole Army Held for Juan Ortiz, and How MucoÇo Came to Visit the Governor 116
• VIII - The Mother of MucoÇo Arrives, Very Anxious About Her Son 119
• IX - Of the Preparations That Were Made for the Discovery, and How the Indians Captured a Spaniard 121
• X - How the Discovery and Entry of the Spaniards into the Interior Country is Begun 124
• XI - What Happened to the Lieutenant General on Going to Seize a Curaca 128
• XII - The Report That Baltasar De Gallegos Sent of What He Had Discovered 130
• XIII - They Fail Twice to Cross the Great Swamp, and the Governor Goes to Seek a Passage, and Finds It 133
• XIV - What the Two Spaniards Experienced on Their Journey Until They Arrived at the Camp 136
• XV - Thirty Lancers Go Out After the Governor with the Supply of Biscuits 140
• XVI - The Insolent Reply of the Lord of the Province of Acuera 143
• XVII - The Governor Arrives in the Province of Ocali, and What Took Place There 145
• XVIII - Concerning Other Events That Took Place in the Province of Ocali 149
• XIX - The Spaniards Build a Bridge and Cross the RÍo De Ocali, and Arrive at Ochile 152
• XX - The Brother of the Curaca Ochile Comes on a Friendly Visit, and They Send Ambassadors to Vitachuco 155
• XXI - Concerning the Arrogant and Presumptuous Reply of Vitachuco, and How His Brothers Go to Persuade Him to Peace 157
• XXII - Vitachuco Comes Out Peacefully, Plots Treason Against the Spaniards, and Communicates It to the Interpreters 160
• XXIII - Vitachuco Orders His Captains to Consummate the Treason, and Requests the Governor to Come Out and See His Men 163
• XXIV - How They Took Vitachuco, and the Outbreak of the Battle That Occurred Between the Indians and the Spaniards 166
• XXV - Of the Slow Surrender of the Conquered Indians, and the Constancy of Seven of Them 169
• XXVI - What the Governor Discussed with the Three Indian Lords of Vassals and with the Curaca Vitachuco 172
• XXVII - Where an Objection is Answered 175
• XXVIII - Concerning the Reckless Action That Vitachuco Ordered for the Purpose of Killing the Spaniards, and That Caused His Own Death 178
• XXIX - Of the Strange Battle the Captive Indians Had with Their Masters 181
• XXX - The Governor Goes to Osachile. an Account of the Manner in Which the Indians of La Florida Establish Their Pueblos 183
• Second Part of the Second Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Spaniards Reach the Famous Province of Apalache, and the Resistance of Its Indians *
• II - The Spaniards Gain the Crossing of the Swamp, and the Much and Brave Fighting That Took Place There 191
• III - Of the Continuous Fighting That Took Place Until the Arrival at the Chief Pueblo of Apalache 194
• IV - Three Captains Go to Discover the Boundaries of Apalache, and the Report They Bring 197
• V - Of the Hardships That Juan De AÑasco Experienced in Discovering the Seacoast 199
• VI - Captain Juan De AÑasco Reaches the Bay of Aute, and What He Found There 201
• VII - Thirty Lancers Are Made Ready to Return to the Bay of Espiritu Santo 204
• VIII - What the Thirty Horsemen Did Until Their Arrival at Vitachuco, and What They Found There 206
• IX - The Journey of the Thirty Lancers Continues, Until Reaching the RÍo De Ochile [ocali] 208
• X - The Governor Captures the Curaca of Apalache 211
• XI - The Cacique of Apalache Goes by the Governor's Order to Reduce His Indians 213
• XII - The Cacique of Apalache, Being Crippled, Escapes from the Spaniards on All Fours 215
• XIII - The Events of the Journey of the Thirty Horsemen Until They Reached the Great Swamp 218
• XIV - Of the Insupportable Hardships the Thirty Horsemen Experienced in Crossing the Great Swamp 221
• XV - Which Recounts the Journey of the Thirty Horsemen Until They Arrived Within Half a League of the Pueblo of Hirrihigua 223
• XVI - The Thirty Horsemen Reach the Place Where Captain Pedro CalderÓn Is, and How They Were Received 226
• XVII - Of the Things That Captains Juan De AÑasco and Pedro CalderÓn Arranged, in Accordance with What the General Had Ordered Them 229
• XVIII - Pedro CalderÓn Leaves with His Men, and the Events of His March Until Reaching the Great Swamp 233
• XIX - Pedro CalderÓn Crosses the Great Swamp and Reaches That of Apalache 236
• XX - Pedro CalderÓn Proceeds on His Way. the Continuous Fighting of the Enemy with Him 239
• XXI - Pedro CalderÓn, with His Persistent Fighting, Arrives Where the Governor Is 241
• XXII - Juan De AÑasco Reaches Apalache, and What the Governor Provided for Discovering a Port on the Coast 243
• XXIII - The Governor Sends a Report of His Discovery to La Havana. the Story of the Temerity of an Indian 245
• XXIV - Two Indians Offer to Guide the Spaniards Where They May Find Much Gold 248
• XXV - Concerning Some Dangerous Feats of Arms That Took Place in Apalache, and the Fertility of That Province 251
• Third Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Governor Leaves Apalache, and a Battle Takes Place with Seven on Each Side *
• II - The Spaniards Reach Altapaha, and the Manner in Which They Were Entertained 260
• III - Concerning the Province of Cofa and Its Cacique, and a Piece of Artillery That They Left in His Keeping 263
• IV - It Deals with the Curaca Cofaqui, and of the Great Hospitality That He Showed the Spaniards in His Country 266
• V - Patofa Promises His Curaca to Take Vengeance, and a Strange Thing That Happened to an Indian Guide is Told 269
• VI - The Governor and His Army Are Very Confused at Seeing Themselves Lost in a Wilderness Without Food 272
• VII - Four Captains Go to Explore the Country, and a Strange Punishment That Patofa Imposed Upon an Indian 276
• VIII - Of a Particular Account of the Hunger the Spaniards Suffered, and of How They Found Food 279
• IX - The Army Reaches the Place Where There Are Supplies. Patofa Returns to His House, and Juan De AÑasco Goes to Explore the Country 281
• X - The Lady of Cofachiqui Comes Out to Talk with the Governor, and Offers Food and Passage for the Army 284
• XI - The Army Crosses the Rio Cofachiqui and Lodges in the Pueblo, and They Send Juan De AÑasco After a Widow 287
• XII - The Indian Ambassador Cuts His Throat, and Juan De AÑasco Proceeds on His March 290
• XIII - Juan De AÑasco Returns to the Army Without the Widow, and the Facts Concerning the Gold and Silver of Cofachiqui 293
• XIV - The Spaniards Visit the Burial Place of the Nobles of Cofachiqui, and That of the Curacas 295
• XV - An Account of the Wonders Found in the Temple and Burial Place of the Lords of Cofachiqui 298
• XVI - A Further Description of the Richness of the Burial Place, and the Depository of Arms That Was in It 301
• XVII - The Army Leaves Cofachiqui in Two Divisions 304
• XVIII - The Experiences That the Three Captains Had on Their Journey, and How the Army Reached Xuala 308
• XIX - Where is Recounted Some of the Magnanimity of Spirit of the Lady of Cofachiqui 313
• XX - What Happened to the Army Until It Reached Guaxule and Ychiaha 315
• XXI - How They Took the Pearls Out of Their Shells, and the Report the Discoverers of the Gold Mines Brought 318
• XXII - The Army Leaves Ychiaha and Enters Acoste and CoÇa, and the Hospitality That Was Accorded Them in These Provinces 320
• XXIII - The Cacique CoÇa Offers His State to the Governor for an Establishment and Settlement, and How the Army Leaves That Province 324
• XXIV - Concerning the Fearless Curaca TascaluÇa, Who Was Almost a Giant, and How He Received the Governor 327
• XXV - The Governor Arrives at Mauvila and Finds Indications of Treason 330
• XXVI - The Members of TascaluÇa's Council Determine to Kill the Spaniards. an Account of the Beginning of the Battle That Took Place 334
• XXVII - Where Are Recounted the Events of the First Third of the Battle of Mauvila 337
• XXVIII - Which Continues Through the Second Third of the Battle of Mauvila 341
• XXIX - It Tells of the End of the Battle of Mauvila, and in What Bad Condition the Spaniards Were Left 344
• XXX - The Efforts the Spaniards Made to Help Themselves, and Two Strange Events That Took Place During the Battle 349
• XXXI - The Number of Indians Who Died in the Battle of Mauvila 351
• XXXII - What the Spaniards Did After the Battle of Mauvila, and a Mutiny That Arose Among Them 354
• XXXIII - The Governor Confirms the Mutiny, and Changes His Plans 357
• XXXIV - Two Laws That the Indians of La Florida Observe Against Adulteresses 359
• XXXV - The Spaniards Leave Mauvila and Enter ChicaÇa. They Build Pirogues for Crossing a Large River 362
• XXXVI - Our Men Encamp in ChicaÇa. the Indians Give Them a Most Cruel and Unexpected Nocturnal Battle 365
• XXXVII - The Battle of ChicaÇa Proceeds to Its End 368
• XXXVIII - Remarkable Events That Took Place in the Battle of ChicaÇa 371
• Xxxix - Concerning a Protection That a Spaniard Invented Against the Cold They Suffered in ChicaÇa 375
• Fourth Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Spaniards Leave the Camp of Chicacilla and Fight Against the Fort of Alibamo *
• II - The Battle of the Fort Proceeds to Its End 381
• III - Many Spaniards Die for Lack of Salt, and How They Reach Chisca 383
• IV - The Spaniards Return the Booty to the Curaca Chisca and Are Glad to Make Peace with Him 386
• V - The Spaniards Leave Chisca and Build Boats for Crossing the RÍo Grande, and Arrive in Casquin 389
• VI - A Solemn Procession of Indians and Spaniards is Formed to Adore the Cross 391
• VII - Indians and Spaniards Go Against Capaha. the Site of His Pueblo is Described 394
• VIII - The Casquines Sack the Pueblo and Burial Place of Capaha, and Go in Search of Him 397
• IX - The Casquines Flee from the Battle, and Capaha Asks the Governor for Peace 401
• X - The Governor Twice Upholds Casquin, and Reconciles the Two Curacas 404
• XI - The Spaniards Send to Search for Salt and Gold Mines, and They Pass on to Quiguate 407
• XII - The Army Reaches Colima, Finds a Method of Making Salt, and Passes to the Province of Tula 409
• XIII - Concerning the Strange Ferocity of Spirit of the Tulas, and the Armed Encounters the Spaniards Had with Them 412
• XIV - The Engagement of a Tula Indian with Three Spaniards on Foot and One on Horseback 417
• XV - The Spaniards Leave Tula and Enter Utiangue, Where They Lodge for the Winter 420
• XVI - Concerning the Good Winter That Was Spent in Utiangue, and a Plot Against the Spaniards 423
• First Part of the Fifth Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Spaniards Enter Naguatex, and One of Them Remains There *
• II - The Efforts That Were Made to Recover Diego De GuzmÁn, His Response, and That of the Curaca 432
• III - The Governor Leaves Guancane, Passes Through Seven Other Small Provinces, and Reaches That of Anilco 435
• IV - The Spaniards Enter Guachoya. It is Told How the Indians Have Perpetual Warfare with One Another 438
• V - How Guachoya Visits the General, and Both Go Back Against Anilco 440
• VI - The Cruelties of the Guachoyas Continue, and How the Governor Plans to Ask for Help 443
• VII - Wherein the Governor's Death is Recounted, and the Successor Whom He Named 446
• VIII - Two Burials That They Gave the Adelantado Hernando De Soto 448
• Second Part of the Fifth Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - The Spaniards Decide to Abandon La Florida and to Leave It *
• II - Concerning Some Indian Superstitions of Both La Florida and El PerÚ, and How the Spaniards Arrived in Auche 456
• III - The Spaniards Kill the Guide. a Particular Exploit of an Indian is Told 459
• IV - Two Indians Let It Be Understood That They Challenge the Spaniards to Single Combat 462
• V - The Spaniards Go Back in Search of the Rio Grande, and the Hardships That They Experienced on the Road 465
• VI - The Insupportable Hardships That the Spaniards Suffered Before They Reached the RÍo Grande 469
• VII - The Indians Abandon Two Pueblos, Where the Spaniards Establish Themselves for the Winter 472
• VIII - Two Curacas Come in Peace. the Spaniards Set About Building Seven Brigantines 475
• IX - Ten Curacas Form a League Against the Spaniards, and the Apu Anilco Warns Them of It 478
• X - Guachoya Speaks Ill of Anilco in the Governor's Presence, and Anilco Replies to Him, Challenging Him to Single Combat 481
• XI - The Spaniards Wound an Indian Spy, and the Complaint That the Curacas Made About It 485
• XII - The Activity of the Spaniards in Building the Brigantines, and a Most Remarkable Flood on the Rio Grande 487
• XIII - They Send a Spanish Captain to the Curaca Anilco for Assistance in Finishing the Brigantines 490
• XIV - Events That Took Place During the Rising and Receding of the Rio Grande, and the Warning That Anilco Gave of the League 494
• XV - The Punishment That Was Given to the Ambassadors of the League and the Activities of the Spaniards Until They Embarked 496
• Sixth Book of the History of La Florida, by the Inca *
• I - They Choose Captains for Their Caravels, and the Spaniards Embark on Their Voyage *
• II - Different Kinds of Rafts That the Indians Made for Crossing Rivers 504
• III - The Size of the Canoes and the Ostentation and Order the Indians Observed with Them 507
• IV - The Manner in Which the Indians Fought the Spaniards While Descending the River 509
• V - What Happened on the Eleventh Day of the Spaniards' Navigation 511
• VI - The Indians Almost Capture a Caravel, and the Mad Action of a Reckless Spaniard 512
• VII - The Indians Kill Forty-Eight Spaniards Because of the Imprudence of One of Them 515
• VIII - The Indians Return to Their Homes and the Spaniards Navigate Until They Come in Sight of the Sea 518
• IX - The Number of Leagues That the Spaniards Penetrated into the Interior 520
• X - Concerning a Battle That the Spaniards Fought with the Indians of the Coast 523
• XI - The Spaniards Set Sail, and the Incidents of the First Twenty-Three Days of Their Navigation 525
• XII - The Navigation Continues to Its Fifty-Third Day, and a Storm That Overtook Them 528
• XIII - A Severe Storm That the Two Caravels Passed Through, and How They Were Cast Ashore 530
• XIV - What the Captains and Soldiers of the Two Caravels Ordered 532
• XV - What Happened to the Three Exploring Captains 535
• XVI - The Spaniards Learn That They Are in the Territory of Mexico 537
• XVII - The Spaniards Are Reunited in PÁnuco. Bitter Quarrels Arise Among Them, and the Reasons for These 539
• XVIII - How the Spaniards Went to MÉxico, and the Warm Welcome That Famous City Gave Them 542
• XIX - They Give an Account to the Viceroy of the Most Notable Things That Occurred in La Florida 546
• XX - Our Spaniards Are Scattered Through Various Parts of the World. the Efforts of GÓmez Arias and Diego Maldonado to Obtain News of Hernando De Soto 549
• XXI - The Peregrination of GÓmez Arias and Diego Maldonado Continues 552
• XXII - The Number of Christians, Seculars and Religious, Who Have Died in La Florida Down to the Year 1568 555
• Appendix - Genealogy of GarcÍ PÉrez De Vargas by His Descendant Garcilaso De La Vega, Called the Inca *
• Genealogy of GarcÍ PÉrez De Vargas *
• Index *

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