Illegal, Alien, or Immigrant: The Politics of Immigration Reform

1. Michael J. Shapiro, “Winning the West, Unwelcoming the Immigrant: Alternative Stories of America,'” in Tales of the State: Narrative in Contemporary U.S. Politics and Public Policy, ed. S. Schräm and A. Neisser (New York: Rowman and Littlefield, 1997).

2. Roberto Suro, “States Take Immigration Woes to Capitol with Pleas for Relief; Lawmakers Offer Governors Everything but Money,” Washington Post, June 25, 1994.

3. Paul Feldman, “62% Would Bar Services to Illegal Immigrants,” Los Angeles Times, September 14, 1994.

4. “Immigrant Laws Dubious,” Pittsburgh Post Gazette, August 20, 2006; Patrik Jonsson, “Federal Court Eyes Local Crackdown of Illegal Migrants,” Christian Science Monitor, March 15, 2007; Kim Cobb, “Oklahoma Bill Casts One of the Widest Nets,” Houston Chronicle, April 23, 2007

5. Murray Edelman, The Symbolic Uses of Politics (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1974).

6. Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram, “Social Construction of Target Populations: Implications for Politics and Policy,” American Political Science Review 87, no. 2 (1993); Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram, Policy Design for Democracy (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1997); Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram, eds., Deserving and Entitled: Social Constructions and Public Policy (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005).

1. Schneider and Ingram, “Social Construction of Target Populations.”

2. On immigration and its effects on the conception of “the people,” see Michael Walzer, What It Means to Be an American (New York: Marsilio, 1992); Robert A. Dahl, On Democracy (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998); Bonnie Honig, Democracy and the Toreigner (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001); Rogers Smith, Civic Ideals (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998). On the potential of immigration to undermine civic cohesion and cultural identity,

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