unlike: a diferencia de many: muchos came/to come: vinieron/venir against their will: contra su voluntad were caught up: quedaron atrapados slave trade: tráfico de esclavos
Unlike other immigrants, many Africans came to North America against their will. They were caught up in a brutal system of human exploitation—the transatlantic slave trade.
waged/to wage: libraron/library (una batalla) centuries-long: que duró siglos freedom: libertad full involvement: participación absoluta society: sociedad transformed/to transform: transformó/transformar shaped/to shape: dio forma/dar forma the world we live in today: el mundo en el cual vivimos remade: rehechas workers: trabajadores activists: activistas organizers: organizadores thinkers: pensadores
African Americans waged a centuries-long battle for dignity, freedom, and for full involvement in American society. Their participation transformed the United States, and shaped the world we live in today. Our customs and daily practices have been influenced or remade by the efforts of African American workers, artists, activists, organizers, and thinkers.
more than: más de claim/to claim: declaran/declarar, reivindicar, reclamar ancestry: ascendencia increases/to increase: aumenta/ aumentar every year: cada año
More than 35 million Americans claim African ancestry. The number of African immigrants to the U.S. increases every year.
explorers: exploradores colonists: colonizadores free will: libre voluntad century: siglo Age of Exploration: época de exploraciones open up/to open up: abrir/abrir Southwestern: suroeste
When Africans first came to the Americas, they came of their own free will. They arrived at the same time in history as the firstheuropeans. During the sixteenth century, African adventurers participated in the Age of Exploration. In the early 1500s, Africans explored Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. The African explorer Estevanico helped the Coronado expedition open up what is now the Southwestern United States.
during: durante were transported/to transport: fueron transportados/transportar British colonies: colonias británicas later: luego, más tarde precise: preciso, exacto currenthestimates: calculus aproximados report/to report: informan/informar died/to die: murieron/morir journey: viaje
During the 300 years of the transatlantic slave trade, approximately 20 million Africans were transported to the Americas as slaves. Of these, more than 400,000 were sent to the 13 British colonies and, later, the United States. We may never know a precise number, but current estimates report that more than 1 million Africans died on the journey.
today: hoy again: otra vez making their way: encontrando su camino shores: costas to start: empezar
Today, Africans are coming to America again. From Togo, Ghana, Ethiopia, Mali, Nigeria—Africans are again making their way to American shores to start new lives.
-12-
Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication information:
Book title: Read and Think English.
Contributors: Los Editores De La Revista Think English - OrganizationName.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill.
Place of publication: New York.
Publication year: 2008.
Page number: 12.
This material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.
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