Masterpieces of History: The Peaceful End of the Cold War in Europe, 1989

Table of contents

• Masterpieces of History - The Peaceful End of the Cold War in Europe, 1989 i
• National Security Archive Cold War Readers ii
• Title Page iii
• Table of Contents v
• Preface and Acknowledgements xv
• Foreword xxi
• Foreword xxv
• Acronyms xxvii
• Chronology of Events1 xxix
• The Logic of 1989: The Soviet Peaceful Withdrawal from Eastern Europe 1
• U.S. Policy and the Revolutions of 1989 49
• Dialogue: The Musgrove Conference, May 1–3, 1998 99
• Documents 215
• Document No. 1 - Transcript of Mikhail Gorbachev's Conference with Cc Cpsu Secretaries March 15, 1985 217
• Document No. 2 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding the “vladimirov” Article July 5, 1985 220
• Document No. 3 - Memorandum from Anatoly Chernyaev to Aleksandr Yakovlev on Germany and Eastern Europe March 10, 1986 222
• Document No. 4 - Speech by Mikhail Gorbachev to Ministry of Foreign Affairs May 28, 1986 224
• Document No. 5 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session June 13, 1986 226
• Document No. 6 - Memorandum from Mikhail Gorbachev to the Cc Cpsu Politburo on Topical Questions Regarding Collaboration with Socialist Countries June 26, 1986 230
• Document No. 7 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session July 3, 1986 234
• Document No. 8 - Transcript of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session November 13, 1986 236
• Document No. 9 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session January 29, 1987 241
• Document No. 10 - Proposal from Georgy Shakhnazarov to the Cpsu for a Partial Soviet Troop Withdrawal from the Čssr March 1987 244
• Document No. 11 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session. Report on Mikhail Gorbachev's Visit to Czechoslovakia April 16, 1987 247
• Document No. 12 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session May 8, 1987 249
• Document No. 13 - Report on Mikhail Gorbachev's Visit to Romania June 4, 1987 253
• Document No. 14 - Report on Eduard Shevardnadze's Visits to Bulgaria, Hungary, and Yugoslavia July 9, 1987 255
• Document No. 15 - State Department Intelligence and Research Report: “economic Reform in the Ussr and Eastern Europe” September 16, 1987 257
• Document No. 16 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session November 19, 1987 259
• Document No. 17 - Memorandum from Robert Gates, “gorbachev's Gameplan: the Long View” November 24, 1987 261
• Document No. 18 - Telegram from Rozanne Ridgeway to All European Diplomatic Posts, “eastern Europe: Invitation to the Dance” December 1987 264
• Document No. 19 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session March 10, 1988 265
• Document No. 20 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Lazar Moisov March 14, 1988 268
• Document No. 21 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session March 24–25, 1988 269
• Document No. 22 - Record of the Main Content of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Gustáv Husák April 12, 1988 271
• Document No. 23 - Record of the Main Content of a Telephone Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and János Kádár May 19, 1988 273
• Document No. 24 - Comments from Georgy Shakhnazarov on Viktor Kulikov's Report at the Warsaw Treaty Pcc May 25, 1988 277
• Document No. 25 - National Intelligence Estimate 11/12-9-88, “soviet Policy Toward Eastern Europe Under Gorbachev” May 1988 280
• Document No. 26 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session June 20, 1988 286
• Document No. 27 - Speech by Mikhail Gorbachev at a Dinner with Wojciech Jaruzelski July 11, 1988 290
• Document No. 28 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Józef Czyrek September 23, 1988 292
• Document No. 29 - Preparatory Notes from Georgy Shakhnazarov for Mikhail Gorbachev for Cc Cpsu Politburo Meeting October 6, 1988 306
• Document No. 30 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding a Meeting Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl October 28, 1988 309
• Document No. 31 - Notes of a Meeting Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Foreign Policy Advisers October 31, 1988 311
• Document No. 32 - Summary of Conversations Between Károly Grósz, János Berecz, Miklós Németh, Mátyás Szűrös and Aleksandr Yakovlev November 10–11, 1988 313
• Document No. 33 - Cia Intelligence Assessment, “gorbachev's September Housecleaning: an Early Evaluation” December 1988 325
• Document No. 34 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev on the Situation in the Baltics December 10, 1988 331
• Document No. 35 - Transcript of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session December 27–28, 1988 332
• Document No. 36 - Record of Conversation Between Aleksandr Yakovlev and Henry Kissinger January 16, 1989 341
• Document No. 37 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Henry Kissinger January 17, 1989 345
• Document No. 38 - Letter from George H.W. Bush to Mikhail Gorbachev January 17, 1989 347
• Document No. 39 - Report from Mikhail Gorbachev to the Cc Cpsu Politburo Regarding His Meeting with the Trilateral Commission January 21, 1989 349
• Document No. 40 - Notes of Telephone Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and George H.W. Bush January 23, 1989 352
• Document No. 41 - Memorandum from Cc Cpsu International Department, “on a Strategy for Relations with the European Socialist Countries” February 1989 353
• Document No. 42 - Memorandum from the Bogomolov Institute, “changes in Eastern Europe and Their Impact on the Ussr” February 1989 365
• Document No. 43 - Cable from Jack Matlock to State Department, “the Soviet Union Over the Next Four Years” February 3, 1989 382
• Document No. 44 - Memorandum from Anatoly Chernyaev to Vadim Zagladin February 4, 1989 389
• Document No. 45 - Cable from Jack Matlock to State Department, “the Soviet Union Over the Next Four Years” February 13, 1989 390
• Document No. 46 - Report on Vadim Medvedev's Visit to Romania February 16, 1989 397
• Document No. 47 - Cable from Jack Matlock to State Department, “u.S.–soviet Relations: Policy Opportunities” February 22, 1989 399
• Document No. 48 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Achille Occhetto February 28, 1989 408
• Document No. 49 - Notes of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session March 3, 1989 411
• Document No. 50 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Miklós Németh March 3, 1989 412
• Document No. 51 - Notes of Mikhail Gorbachev's Meeting with Soviet Ambassadors to Socialist Countries March 3, 1989 414
• Document No. 52 - Record of Conversations Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Károly Grósz March 23–24, 1989 418
• Document No. 53 - Transcript of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session, “outcome of the Ussr People's Deputies Elections” March 28, 1989 420
• Document No. 54 - Cia Intelligence Assessment, “rising Political Instability Under Gorbachev: Understanding the Problem and Prospects for Resolution” April 1989 432
• Document No. 55 - Report from Vadim Zagladin on Conversation with Jan Pudlák April 1, 1989 436
• Document No. 56 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Margaret Thatcher April 6, 1989 438
• Document No. 57 - National Intelligence Estimate 11-4-89, “soviet Policy Toward the West: the Gorbachev Challenge” April 1989 442
• Document No. 58 - Session of the Cc Cpsu Politburo April 20, 1989 446
• Document No. 59 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding Gorbachev's State of Mind May 2, 1989 449
• Document No. 60 - Session of the Cc Cpsu Politburo May 11, 1989 450
• Document No. 61 - Transcript of Cc Puwp Secretariat Meeting June 5, 1989 452
• Document No. 62 - Record of Conversation Between Erich Honecker and Eduard Shevardnadze June 9, 1989 460
• Document No. 63 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl June 12, 1989 463
• Document No. 64 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Richard Von Weizsäcker June 12, 1989 468
• Document No. 65 - Transcript of Opening Full Session of Hungarian National Roundtable Negotiations June 13, 1989 470
• Document No. 66 - Record of Second Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl June 13, 1989 475
• Document No. 67 - Record of Third Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl June 14, 1989 476
• Document No. 68 - Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl June 15, 1989 479
• Document No. 69 - Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl June 23, 1989 482
• Document No. 70 - Letter from Helmut Kohl to George H.W. Bush June 28, 1989 484
• Document No. 71 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev, François Mitterrand and Their Spouses July 4, 1989 488
• Document No. 72 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and François Mitterrand July 5, 1989 490
• Document No. 73 - Address by Mikhail Gorbachev to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg July 6, 1989 492
• Document No. 74 - Record of Concluding Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and François Mitterrand July 6, 1989 497
• Document No. 75 - Notes of Meeting of Warsaw Treaty Member-States July 8, 1989 499
• Document No. 76 - Information Note Regarding George H.W. Bush's Visit to Poland (July 9–11) July 18, 1989 503
• Document No. 77 - Record of Conversation Between Aleksandr Yakovlev and Jack Matlock July 20, 1989 506
• Document No. 78 - Report from Rezsö Nyers and Károly Grósz on Negotiations with Mikhail Gorbachev July 24–25, 1989 511
• Document No. 79 - Transcript of Sed Politburo Sessions September 5, 1989 515
• Document No. 80 - Memorandum of Conversation Between Oskar Fischer and Vyacheslav Kochemassov September 7, 1989 517
• Document No. 81 - Letter from Gerd Vehres to Oskar Fischer September 10, 1989 518
• Document No. 82 - Record of Conversation Between Evgeny Primakov and Margaret Thatcher September 18, 1989 521
• Document No. 83 - Cia Intelligence Assessment, “gorbachev's Domestic Gambles and Instability in the Ussr” September 1989 522
• Document No. 84 - National Security Directive (Nsd) 23, “united States Relations with the Soviet Union” September 22, 1989 525
• Document No. 85 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Margaret Thatcher September 23, 1989 530
• Document No. 86 - Protocol No. 166 of Cc Cpsu Politburo Session September 28, 1989 533
• Document No. 87 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding Mikhail Gorbachev's Visit to the Gdr October 5, 1989 542
• Document No. 88 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Members of the Cc Sed Politburo October 7, 1989 544
• Document No. 89 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding German Reunification October 9, 1989 547
• Document No. 90 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding Erich Honecker October 11, 1989 548
• Document No. 91 - Session of the Cc Cpsu Politburo, Discussion of Mikhail Gorbachev's Talk with Mieczyslaw Rakowski October 12, 1989 550
• Document No. 92 - Record of Conversation Between Vadim Medvedev and Kurt Hager October 13, 1989 551
• Document No. 93 - Memorandum from Georgy Shakhnazarov to Mikhail Gorbachev Regarding Military Détente in Europe October 14, 1989 555
• Document No. 94 - Record of Telephone Conversation Between George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl October 23, 1989 558
• Document No. 95 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Mauno Koivisto October 25, 1989 561
• Document No. 96 - Record of Conversation Between Aleksandr Yakovlev and Zbigniew Brzezinski October 31, 1989 563
• Document No. 97 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Egon Krenz November 1, 1989 569
• Document No. 98 - Cable from U.S. Embassy in Sofia to State Department, “the Nov 10 Cc Party Plenum: Little Prospect for Major Changes” November 9, 1989 574
• Document No. 99 - Session of the Cc Cpsu Politburo November 9, 1989 577
• Document No. 100 - Record of Conversation Between Helmut Kohl and Lech Wałęsa November 9, 1989 580
• Document No. 101 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding the Fall of the Berlin Wall November 10, 1989 586
• Document No. 102 - Record of Telephone Conversation Between George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl November 10, 1989 587
• Document No. 103 - Record of Telephone Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Helmut Kohl November 11, 1989 590
• Document No. 104 - Record of Telephone Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and François Mitterrand November 14, 1989 593
• Document No. 105 - Record of Telephone Conversation Between George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl November 17, 1989 595
• Document No. 106 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Brian Mulroney November 21, 1989 598
• Document No. 107 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Tadeusz Mazowiecki November 24, 1989 602
• Document No. 108 - Speech by Ladislav Adamec at Cc Cpcz Extraordinary Session November 24, 1989 608
• Document No. 109 - Letter from Helmut Kohl to George H.W. Bush November 28, 1989 611
• Document No. 110 - Soviet Transcript of the Malta Summit December 2–3, 1989 619
• Document No. 111 - Memorandum of Conversation of George H.W. Bush, John Sununu, Brent Scowcroft, and Helmut Kohl December 3, 1989 647
• Document No. 112 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Petar Mladenov December 5, 1989 651
• Document No. 113 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Hans Dietrich Genscher December 5, 1989 653
• Document No. 114 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and François Mitterrand December 6, 1989 657
• Document No. 115 - Cable from James Baker to U.S. Embassy Sofia December 19, 1989 660
• Document No. 116 - Four Soviet Foreign Ministry Documents Regarding the Situation in Romania December 20–25, 1989 661
• Document No. 117 - Memorandum from the Cc Cpsu International Department, “towards a New Concept of Relations Between the Ussr and the States of Central and Eastern Europe” January 5, 1990 668
• Document No. 118 - Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Regarding German Reunification January 28, 1990 673
• Document No. 119 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and James Baker February 9, 1990 675
• Document No. 120 - Letter from James Baker to Helmut Kohl February 10, 1990 685
• Document No. 121 - National Intelligence Estimate 12–90, “the Future of Eastern Europe,” (Key Judgments Only) April 1990 688
• Document No. 122 - Record of Conversation Between Mikhail Gorbachev and Wojciech Jaruzelski April 13, 1990 691
• Main Actors 701
• Selected Bibliography 707
• Index 713

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