| abduction, of brides | in lowland cultures, 134, 149–150 | | Nahua, 96–97, 208n.22 |
|
| abortion, 80, 211n.68 |
| abstinence, as birth control, 135 |
| abuse, spousal. See domestic violence |
| Abya Yala, Continental Encuentros of
Indigenous Women of the First
Nations of, 173 |
| acculturation, 3–4, 99 | during Conquest era, 58, 197n.11 | | religious (see missionaries) |
|
| activism. See also specific type | current forms of, 170, 173, 177 | | defensive nature of, 121–122, 169–170,
215n.110 | | international level, 171–173, 175 | | by Mayas | contemporary, 170, 174–175, 236n.2 | | institutionalized, 122–124, 179,
216n.114, 216n. 116, 2l6n.1l8 | | modern, 100, 116, 120–123, 125,
215n.110, 216n.114, 216n. 116,
216n.118 | | religious, 124–125, 217n.128 | | social, 102–121, 123–124, 217n.124 |
| | media's role, 10, 127, 170, 218n.2, 236n.2 | | modern Nahuas, 100–103 | | national level, 171–173, 176 | | organizations of, 179–180 | | regional level, 170–171 |
|
| adultery | in Andean culture, 50–51, 195n.98 | | in modern cultures, 99, 111, 211n.68 |
|
| advocacy groups, 101 |
| Afro-indigenous peoples, 8, 158, 186n.15,
232n.88 |
| afterlife, beliefs about, 13–14, 23 |
| agency. See also activism | during colonial era, 53–54, 84, 195n.1,
204n.116 | | forms of, 6, 170, 177 | | globalization impact on, 91–92, 169, 199 | | labor metaphors for, 6, 91 | | of modern Nahuas, 91, 99 | | Agency for International Development
(USAID), 231n.85 | | agendas, contemporary | for development | | rural, 131–132, 140, 171, 223n.35,
231n.85, 232n.87 | | technological, 102, 124 |
| | of indigenous women, 157, 169–177 | | nation-building, 91, 157 |
|
| agriculture | in Andean culture, 48–50 | contemporary, 129–130, 132, 140 |
| | during colonial era, 65–66, 70, 72 | | gender hierarchy in, 12–14, 35, 91
by lowland cultures, 145–146 | | maize-dominant, 25, 29, 35, 40, 48, 50,
63, 91 | | by Mayas, 112–115, 125, 212n.74, 213n.78 | | by Nahuas, 92, 94–95, 102, 207n.9 | | in prehispanic Mesoamerica, 25, 29, 35,
40 | | by Zapotecs, 107 |
|
| Aguaruna women, 153 |
| AIDS, in Central America, 162, 234n.105,
236n.123 |
| alcohol consumption | by Andeans, 133–134 | | by Central Americans, 234n.103 | | domestic violence related to, 111, 119,
133, 227n.63 | | as increasing, 9, 120, 122 | | resistance toward, 100–101, 125 |
|
| allies, against domestic violence, 76–77,
202n.82 |
| Amazonian peoples, 148, 172. See also lowland cultures |
| AMMOR, 171, 179 |
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