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Specialist Subjects of History's Masterminds

By: Dwyer, Danielle | The Independent (London, England), February 17, 2006 | Article details

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Specialist Subjects of History's Masterminds


Dwyer, Danielle, The Independent (London, England)


ARISTOTLE, main image, 384-322 BC

"All human actions have one or more of these seven causes: chance, nature, compulsions, habit, reason, passion, desire"

A one-time student at Plato's Academy but by no means a follower of his thinking. Aristotle turned Plato's Theory of Forms inside out and offered a new form of reason based on observation, comparison and moderation. Aristotle argued that men and women have different types of reason. Aman's reason fits him for government whereas a woman's reason fits her for domesticity.

THOMAS HOBBES 1588-1679

"A man's conscience and his judgement is the same thing' and as the judgement, so also the conscience, …

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