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Elements of Socialism: A Text-Book

By: John Spargo; George Louis Arner | Book details

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Page 29
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quantity adds to the social wealth and well-being, as does the rivalry of the same sort between manufacturing establishments and transportation lines. A competition between men for position and public honors when the reward is clearly placed on a basis of efficiency and merit, results in a distinct social gain. It is entirely possible to retain all the benefits of competition without enduring its evils.
SUMMARY
1. Industrial competition necessarily involves great social loss through the duplication of establishments and services, and in the advertising of goods.
2. The capitalist system makes necessary many socially unproductive vocations.
3. Privately organized industry offers irresistible temptation to dishonesty and fraud.
4. The risks of capitalist industry give rise to periodic crises which bear most heavily upon the working class.
5. Competition in the form of personal and group rivalry for social efficiency, position and honor may persist without industrial competition.

QUESTIONS
1. Why does competition fail as a regulator of industry?
2. Give examples of unnecessary duplication in industry.
3. Discuss the Socialist position in regard to advertising.
4. Explain the relation between the capitalist system and the vocation of law.
5. What is meant by over-production? Under-consumption?
6. Why does capitalist society fail to utilize all of the available supply of labor?
7. How is the farmer affected by the capitalist system?
8. What would be the place of competition under Socialism?

LITERATURE

Ely R. T., Socialism and Social Reform, Part II.

Hunter Robert, Poverty.

Hyndman H. M., Commercial Crises of the Nineteenth Century.

Kelly Edmond, Twentieth Century Socialism, Book II.

Reeve S. A., The Cost of Competition.

Simons A. M., The American Farmer.

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