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Haughty Conquerors: Amherst and the Great Indian Uprising of 1763

By: William R. Nester | Book details

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ada's surrender and despised and feared the conquerors; their hearts burned with deepening rage. British arrogance combined with the shortage and high prices of goods was shoving those tribes to the breaking point.

Indian Superintendent William Johnson and other Indian agents understood this; Commander in Chief Jeffery Amherst did not. Amherst ruled over the empire with the advice and diplomacy of the two next most powerful men in the American colonies, the northern and southern Indian superintendents. The tragedy was that he rejected their advice. To Croghan, Johnson wrote that it is "clear that too much economy ought not to be thought of as yet with the Indians, if we expect to keep them in temper & maintain our posts -- but it is not in my power to convince the General thereof."64


NOTES
1.
Clarence J. Webster, ed., The Journal of Jeffrey Amherst, Recording the Military Career of General Amherst in America from 1758 to 1763 (hereafter cited as Amherst Journal) ( Chicago: Ryerson Press, 1931), 247.
2.
Lawrence Henry Gipson, The British Empire before the American Revolution, 15 vols. ( New York: 1936- 1970), vol. 7, The Great War for Empire: The Victorious Years, 1758- 1760 ( New York: Alfred A. Gipson, 1949), 448-49, 457.
3.
Webster, Amherst Journal, 246.
4.
For a good overview of scholarly perspectives on the English occupation and Canadian response, see Cameron Nish, ed., The French Canadians, 1759-1766: Conquered? Half-Conquered? Liberated? ( Montreal: Copp Clark Publishing Company, 1966).
5.
John R. Cuneo, Robert Rogers of the Rangers ( Ticonderoga, N.Y.: Fort Ticonderoga Museum, 1988).
6.
Jeffrey Amherst to Robert Rogers, September 12, 1760, in Sylvester K. Stevens , Donald H. Kent, Autumn L. Leonard, Louis M. Waddell, and John Totteham, eds., The Papers of Henry Bouquet (hereafter cited as Bouquet Papers), 6 vols. ( Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1972- 1994), 5:33-35. For Rogers's own sometimes varying and contradictory accounts of his mission, see V. H. Paltsits, ed., "Journal of Robert Rogers," Bulletin of the New York Public Library ( New York: New York Public Library, April 19.33); Robert Rogers, A Concise Account of North America ( London, 1765).
7.
Robert Monckton to Donald Campbell, October 19, 1760, Bouquet Papers, Robert Monckton to Robert Rogers, October 19, 1760, ibid., 5:78-81.
8.
Nicolas B. Wainwright, George Croghan: Wilderness Diplomat ( Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959), 4.
9.
Donald Campbell to Henry Bouquet, December 2, 1760, Bouquet Papers, 5: 141-43; Robert Rogers to Henry Bouquet, December 1, 1760, ibid., 5:138.
10.
Return of Detroit Prisoners, December 26, 1760, Bouquet Papers, 5:210; Henry Bouquet to Robert Monckton, December 25, 1760, ibid., 5:204-5.
11.
Oath of Allegiance, October 19, 1760, Bouquet Papers, 5:80.
12.
Jeffrey Amherst to William Johnson, February 1, 1761, in James Sullivan and

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