Bashkir in 1994 after a corruption scandal, he also signed a new bilateral treaty with Moscow reinforcing his ties to the federation.
Notes
1.
Dankwart A. Rustow, "Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic
Model," Comparative Politics, vol. 2, no. 3 ( April 1970), pp. 337-63; Rupert Emerson
, From Empire to Nation: The Rise of Self-Assertion of Asian and African
Peoples ( Harvard University Press, 1960); Timothy M. Frye, "Ethnicity, Sovereignty and Transitions from Non-Democratic Rule," Journal of International Affairs, vol. 45, no. 2 (Winter 1992), pp. 599-623.
2.
Donald J. Horowitz, "Comparing Democratic Systems," in
Larry Diamond
and
Marc F. Plattner. eds., The Global Resurgence of Democracy ( Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1993), pp. 127-33; Donald J. Horowitz, A Democratic South Africa? Constitutional Engineering in a Divided Society ( University of California
Press, 1991);
Arend Lijphart, "Constitutional Choices for New Democracies," in Diamond and
Plattner, Global Resurgence of Democracy, pp. 146-58;
Juan J. Linz
and Alfred Stepan, "Political Identities and Electoral Sequences: Spain, the Soviet
Union, and Yugoslavia," Daedalus, vol. 121, no. 2 (Spring 1992), pp. 123-60.
3.
Strengthening Democratic Institutions Project (SDI), Report on Ethnic Conflict in the Russian Federation and Transcaucasia ( Harvard University, John F.
Kennedy School of Government, 1993), p. 10.
4.
Television company Bashkortostan, program "Nedel'ya," December 4,
1993.
5.
Rafis Kadyrov, Ekonomika i My, no. 50 ( December 4-7, 1993), p. 4.
6.
Anvar Akhmadeyev, Izvestiya Bashkortostana, November 26, 1993, p. 2.
7.
Tax data are from Mark Nagel of Harvard's Government Department and
Law School.
8.
Delovoi Ural, no. 45, November 17-23, 1993, 1.
9.
Sovetskaya Bashkiriya, December 8, 1993, p. 1.
10.
Sel'skaya zhizn', reprinted in Ekonomika i My, no. 51, December 8-10,
1993, p. 13.
11.
Interview with Aleksandra Bryantseva, Ekonomika i My editor, December
12,1993.
12.
Bashkortostan Central Election Commission, Sovetskaya Bashkiriya, November 27, 1993, p. 1.
13.
Izvestiya Bashkortostana, November 19, 1993, p. 2; Sovetskaya Bashkiriya, November 30, 1993, p. 1; Sovetskaya Bashkiriya, November 26, 1993, p. 1; Izvestiya Bashkortostana, December 4, 1993, p. 1.
14.
Vechernyaya Ufa, November 24, 1993, p. 2.
15.
Interview with Aleksandr Arinin, November 30, 1993.
16.
Vechernyaya Ufa, December 8, 1993, p. 2.
17.
Ekonomika i My, no. 50, December 4-7, 1993, p. 2; Vechernyaya Ufa, December 8, 1993, p. 2.
-634-
Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication information:
Book title: Growing Pains:Russian Democracy and the Election of 1993.
Contributors: Timothy J. Colton - Editor, Jerry F. Hough - Editor.
Publisher: Brookings Institution.
Place of publication: Washington, DC.
Publication year: 1998.
Page number: 634.
This material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.
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