Program of the Tenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society: 17-19 August 1988, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Table of contents

• Title Page i
• Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society Montreal, Canada - August 17 - 19, 1988 v
• The Place of Cognitive Architectures in A Rational Analysis 1
• References 10
• Transitions in Strategy Choices 11
• References 17
• Vital A Connectionist Parser 18
• Abstract 18
• Acknowledgements 24
• References 25
• Applying Contextual Constraints in Sentence Comprehension 26
• Recursive Auto-Associative Memory: Devising Compositional Distributed Representations 33
• Introduction 33
• Conclusions 37
• Acknowledgements & References 39
• Experiments with Sequential Associative Memories 40
• 1: Introduction 41
• 1: Introduction 46
• 1: Introduction 47
• Representing Part-Whole Hierarchies in Connectionist Networks 48
• Introduction 48
• Conclusions 54
• Using Rules and Task Division to Augment Connectionist Learning 55
• Introduction 56
• Acknowledgments 61
• Analyzing A Connectionist Model as A System of Soft Rules 62
• Acknowledgements 68
• Footnotes 68
• How to Summarize Thick Text (and Represent It Too) 69
• 1: Introduction 69
• 6: Summary and Conclusions 74
• On-Line Processing of A Procedural Text 76
• Understanding Stories in Their Social Context 83
• Abstract 83
• References 89
• Context Effects in the Comprehension of Idioms 90
• Action Planning: Routine Computing Tasks 97
• Using Conversation Mops to Integrate Intention and Convention in Natural Language Processing 104
• Conclusion 109
• Acknowledgments 110
• A Theory of Simplicity 111
• Bibliography 117
• Basic Levels in Hierarchically Structured Categories 118
• Introduction 118
• Summary 123
• Flexible Natural Language Processing and Roschian Category Theory 125
• 1: Introduction. 125
• 6: Conclusions. 131
• The Induction of Mental Structures While Learning to Use Symbolic Systems 132
• Abstract 132
• References 137
• Transitory Stages in the Development of Medical Expertise: the "Intermediate Effect" in Clinical Case Representation Studies 139
• References 145
• Integrating Marker Passing and Connectionism for Handling Conceptual and Structural Ambiguities 146
• 1: Introduction 147
• 4: Conclusions 152
• Learning Subgoals and Methods for Solving Problems 153
• References 159
• Opportunistic Use of Schemata for Medical Diagnosis 160
• Integrating Case-Based and Causal Reasoning 167
• Introduction 167
• References 173
• Modeling Software Design Within A Problem-Space Architecture 174
• Introduction 174
• Conclusions 180
• Modeling Human Syllogistic Reasoning in Soar 181
• Integrated Commonsense and Theoretical Mental Models in Physics Problem Solving 188
• Abstract and Introduction 188
• Conclusion 194
• A Connectionist Model of Selective Attention in Visual Perception 195
• References 201
• How Near Is Too Far? Talking About Visual Images 202
• An Adaptive Model for Viewpoint-Invariant Object Recognition 209
• Introduction 209
• Concluding Remarks 215
• Spatial Reasoning Using Sinusoidal Oscillations 216
• 1: Introduction 217
• 6: Conclusion 222
• An Unsupervised Pdp Learning Model for Action Planning 223
• Representation and Recognition of Biological Motion 230
• I. Introduction 230
• V. Conclusions 235
• Vi. Acknowledgements 235
• References 236
• When Half Right Is Not Half Bad: Hypothesis Testing Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Complexity 237
• A Theory of Scientific Problem Solving 244
• Introduction 244
• References 250
• Empirical Analyses and Connectionist Modeling of Real-Time Human Image Understanding 251
• References 253
• Learning to Represent and Understand Locative Prepositional Phrases 257
• 1: Introduction 257
• A Computational Model of Syntactic Ambiguity as A Lexical Process 263
• Introduction 263
• Summary 269
• A Parallel Model for Adult Sentence Processing 270
• 1: Introduction 270
• 5: Conclusions 275
• References 276
• Parsing Metacommunication in Natural Language Dialogue to Understand Indirect Requests 277
• Introduction 278
• Conclusion 281
• Interpretation of Quantifier Scope Ambiguities 284
• Multiple Simultaneous Interpretations of Ambiguous Sentences 291
• Introduction 291
• Conclusion 297
• The Role of Analogy in A Theory of Problem-Solving 298
• References 303
• The Architecture of Children's Physics Knowledge A Problem-Solving Perspective 305
• Introduction 306
• Conclusions 310
• Hierarchical Problem Solving as A Means of Promoting Expertise 312
• Introduction 312
• References 318
• Collaborative Cognition 319
• Introduction 319
• Conclusions 323
• References 324
• Explorations in Understanding How Physical Systems Work 325
• Introduction 326
• Conclusions 330
• Instructional Strategies for A Coached Practice Environment 332
• References 339
• Creatures of Habit A Computational System to Enhance and Illuminate the Development of Scientific Thinking 340
• Introduction 341
• Conclusion: Present Status, Future Directions 346
• Propositional Attitudes, Commonsense Reasoning, and Metaphor 347
• References 353
• A Process-Oriented, Intensional Model of Knowledge and Belief 354
• 1: Introduction 354
• 4: Conclusion 359
• Subcognitive Probing: Hard Questions for the Turing Test 361
• Introduction 361
• Conclusion 366
• Endnotes 367
• The Pragmatics of Expertise in Medicine 368
• Introduction 368
• Conclusion 372
• References 374
• Cognitive Flexibility Theory: Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Ill-Structured Domains 375
• A Hybrid Connectionist/Production System Interpretation of Age Differences in Perceptual Learning 384
• Introduction 384
• Acknowledgements 388
• References 389
• Language Experience and Prose Processing in Adulthood 391
• Effects of Age and Skill on Domain-Specific Visual Search 398
• References 403
• Patching Up Old Plans 405
• Introduction 406
• Summary and Conclusions 410
• Systematicity as A Selection Constraint in Analogical Mapping 412
• Abstraction Processes During Concept Learning: A Structural View 419
• Introduction 419
• Acknowledgements 424
• Explanatory Coherence and Belief Revision in Naive Physics 426
• Access and Use of Previous Solutions in A Problem Solving Situation 433
• The Use of Explanations for Completing and Correcting Causal Models 440
• Introduction 441
• Conclusions and Future Directions 446
• Varieties of Learning from Problem Solving Experience 447
• 1: Introduction 447
• 5: References 453
• The Process of Learning Lisp 454
• The Nature of Expertise in the Clinical Interview: Interactive Medical Problem Solving 461
• A Dynamical Theory of the Power-Law of Learning in Problem-Solving 468
• Abstract 468
• Acknowledgments 473
• Assessing the Structure of Knowledge in A Procedural Domain 475
• Improvement in Medical Expertise Independent of Stable Knowledge 482
• References 488
• Sequential Connectionist Networks for Answering Simple Questions About A Microworld 489
• Introduction 489
• References 495
• The Usefulness of the Script Concept for Characterizing Dream Reports 496
• Acknowledgments 501
• References 502
• The Right of Free Association: Relative-Position Encoding for Connectionist Data Structures 503
• References 509
• Unsupervised Learning of Correlational Structure 510
• References 516
• On the Application of Medical Basic-Science Knowledge in Clinical Reasoning: Implications for Structural Knowledge Differences Between Experts and Novices 517
• References 522
• Similarity-Based and Explanation-Based Learning of Explanatory and Nonexplanatory Information 524
• Introduction 525
• Conclusion 529
• Causal Reasoning About Complex Physiological Mechanisms by Novices 531
• References 537
• A Comparison of Context Effects for Typicality and Category Membership Ratings 538
• Introduction 538
• References 543
• Naive Materialistic Belief: An Underlying Epistemological Commitment 544
• References 550
• Writing Expertise and Second Language Proficiency: Algorithms and Implementations? 552
• References 558
• The Minimal Chain Principle: A Cross-Linguistic Study of Syntactic Parsing Strategies 559
• References 565
• Multiple Character Recognition - A Simulation Model 566
• References 572
• Netzsprech - Another Case for Distributed 'Rule' Systems 573
• 1: Introduction 573
• 7: Conclusion 579
• Intuitive Notions of Light and Learning About Light 580
• Introduction 580
• Bibliography 586
• Signalling Importance in Spoken Narratives: the Cataphoric Use of the Indefinite This 587
• Footnotes 591
• References 593
• Planning and Implementation Errors in Algorithm Design 594
• Introduction 594
• Conclusion 600
• Conceptual Slippage and Analogy-Making: A Report on the Copycat Project 601
• Direct Inferences in A Connectionist Knowledge Structure 608
• Summary and Conclusions 614
• Problem Solving Is What You Do When You Don't Know What to Do 615
• References 622
• Cirrus: Inducing Subject Models from Protocol Data 623
• Introduction 623
• References 628
• Three Kinds of Concepts? 630
• References 636
• Constructing Coherent Text Using Rhetorical Relations 637
• Introduction 637
• Conclusions 642
• References 643
• Defeasibility in Concept Combination: A Criterial Approach 644
• References 650
• The Comprehension of Architectural Plans by Expert and Sub-Expert Architects 651
• References 657
• Processing Aspectual Semantics 658
• Abstract 658
• Bibliography 665
• Gain Variation in Recurrent Error Propagation Networks 666
• Introduction 666
• References 672
• Conjoint Syntactic and Semantic Context Effects: Tasks and Representations 673
• Abstract 673
• Acknowledgment 678
• References 679
• Generalization by Humans and Multi-Layer Adaptive Networks 680
• Introduction 681
• Summary 687
• Pattern-Based Parsing for Word-Sense Disambiguation 688
• 1: Introduction 688
• 5: Conclusion 694
• Multiple Theories in Scientific Discovery 695
• Introduction 695
• References 701
• Text Comprehension : Macrostructure and Frame 702
• Bibliographie 709
• The Structure of Social Mind: Empirical Patterns of Large-Scale Knowledge Organization 710
• References 716
• A Model of Meter Perception in Music 717
• Introduction 718
• Conclusion 723
• Acquiring Computer Skills by Exploration Versus Demonstration 724
• References 730
• A Hybrid Model for Controlling Retrieval of Episodes 731
• References 737
• The Role of Mapping in Analogical Transfer1 738
• 1: Introduction 738
• Acknowledgments 744
• Spatial Attention and Subitizing: An Investigation of the Finst Hypothesis 745
• Conclusion 751
• References 752
• A Computational Model of Reactive Depression 758
• Introduction 758
• Conclusion 763
• References 764
• Invited Address Reasoning by Rule or Model? 765
• Introduction 765
• Conclusions 770

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