With the exception of certain well-known places, all Soviet place names and certain technical terms for which no satisfactory English equivalent exists have been transliterated into English by a standard system using one English symbol for one Russian one where convenient or an unambiguous combination of two or more English symbols for one Russian one. The soft sign symbol has been omitted from all place names in the text and on maps but is retained in the bibliography. The English equivalent of each Russian letter is given below together with a rough guide to the pronunciation of those sounds that differ appreciably from their apparent English equivalent in transliteration.
| Russian | English | |
| letter | version | Notes on pronunciation and transliteration |
| A | A | As ar in car. |
| Б | B | |
| B | V | |
| Γ | G | |
| Д | D | |
| E | YE, E | When initial letter in word, or following another |
| vowel, hard sign or soft sign, as Ya in Yale, | ||
| elsewhere as ay in say. | ||
| Ë | YO | As Yor in York but transliterated simply as E. |
| Ж | ZH | Almost as s in pleasure. |
| ᐗ | Z | |
| И | I | As ee in fleet. |
| Й | Y | As i in bit. |
| К | K | |
| Л | L | |
| M | M | |
| H | N | |
| O | O | Almost as ore in more. |
| П | P | |
| P | R | Always rolled in Russian. |
| C | S | |
| T | T | |
| y | U | As oo in boot. |
| Ф | F | |
| X | KH | As ch in Scottish loch. |
| ∐ | TS | As ts in bits. |
| Ч | CH | As ch in church. |
| Ш | SH | As sh in ash. |
| щ | SHCH | As shch in Ashchurch. |
| Љ | " | (hard sign) Not pronounced. |
| Ы | Y | No English sound resembles this. The sound may be |
| approached by attempting to pronounce ee in feet | ||
| and oo in boot simultaneously. |
-viii-
Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication information:
Book title: Geography of the Soviet Union.
Contributors: J. P. Cole - Author.
Publisher: Butterworth.
Place of publication: London.
Publication year: 1984.
Page number: viii.
This material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.
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