The "Jacksonian Era" is almost en-
tirely different from the "Era of Re-
form," though they bear the same dates.
The former was expeditious, for the
most part, and respectful of the attitudes
of its slaveholding, Irish, and other sup-
porters. The latter was moral and hu-
manitarian, as in its temperance and
abolitionist concerns. Both are seen best
in the common frame of the multi-
volumed histories of the period, espe-
cially John Bach MacMaster History
of the People of the United States, es-
pecially Volumes Six and Seven ( New
York, 1906, 1910), which treat numerous
movements and events, including the
Cherokee controversy, with vivid detail.

There is a large bibliography of writ-
ings on both Andrew Jackson and John
Marshall. John Spencer Bassett two-
volume Life of Andrew Jackson ( Gar-
den City, 1911) and Marquis James'
Andrew Jackson: Portrait of a President
( Indianapolis, 1937) remain the most
useful; William MacDonald, Jacksonian
Democracy, 1828- 1837 ( New York,
1906) strives to be fair to Jackson, but
concedes the illogical nature of his In-
dian policy. Albert J. Beveridge four-
volume Life of John Marshall ( Boston,
1919) is one of the most famous of all
American biographies. James A. Servies,
ed., A Bibliography of John Marshall
( Washington, 1956), was prepared for
his Bicentennial, and is indexed for ready
use. Edward S. Corwin John Marshall
and the Constitution ( New Haven, 1919)
is short, but both readable and authori-
tative. Richard Longaker, "Andrew Jack-
son and the Judiciary," Political Science
Quarterly, LXXXI ( 1956), 341-364, em-
phasizes that Jackson opposed Marshall,
not, as popularly supposed, the Supreme
Court.

Of the numerous histories of the State
of Georgia, E. Merton Coulter Georgia,
a Short History ( Chapel Hill, 1933) is
most readily available. Ulrich Bonnell Phillips
' Georgia and State Rights
( Washington, 1902) is a balanced and
scholarly study of Georgia from the Rev-
olution to the Civil War. The emphasis
is on Georgia's relations with the Federal
Government. Students seeking a more
detailed study of the intricacies of state
politics should consult Paul Murray, The
Whig Party in Georgia, 1825- 1853
( Chapel Hill, 1948). Milton Sydney Heath's
Constructive Liberalism ( Cam-
bridge, Mass., 1954) is rich in data per-
taining to many aspects of economic life
in Georgia from 1732 to 1860. Wilson Lumpkin's
autobiography, The Removal
of the Cherokees (2 vols., New York,
1907), is fascinating and filled with use-
ful documents, but is not readily obtain-
able. Robert McPherson's brief biog-
raphy of Lumpkin (and a defense of
his policies) appears in Horace Montgomery's
collection, Georgians in Profile
( Athens, Georgia, 1958), pp. 144-167.
Studies of George R. Gilmer and of
George M. Troup are quite unreliable:
the standard works are Gilmer, Sketches
of Some of the First Settlers of Upper
Georgia, of the Cherokees, and the Au-thor

-111-