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Preparatory States & Processes: Proceedings of the Franco-American Conference, Ann Arbor, Michigan, August, 1982

By: Sylvan Kornblum; Jean Requin | Book details

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10
Effects of Ballistic and Tracking Movements on Spinal Proprioceptive and Cutaneous Pathways in Man

C. Demairé J. Honoré J. M. Coquery Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, CN.R.S.-L.A. 308, Université de Lille I, France


ABSTRACT

Supraspinal influences on the somatic sensory afferents can be tested in man by the variations of the H reflex facilitation produced by a conditioning sural nerve stimulation. At rest this facilitation remains constant for reflex amplitudes comprised between 15% and 85% of the maximal H response. The time course of this facilitation was studied during 500 msec before the onset of ballistic and tracking movements. Before tracking movements, the H reflex amplitude shows an earlier and stronger facilitation than before ballistic movements. However, in both situations, supraspinal inhibitory control progressively takes place upon the cutaneous afferents. The depression of the cutaneous facilitation becomes statistically significant at the same time the H reflex is enhanced by the descending motor commands. These data fit the suggestion of a differential control over the cutaneous and proprioceptive relays, the latter being facilitated whereas the former are inhibited before a movement.

Somatic sensory afferents are under tonic inhibitory control of supraspinal centers. This descending influence is specifically modulated according to the various activities in which the individual is engaged. In cats, Ghez and Lenzi ( 1971), Ghez and Pisa ( 1972), Coulter ( 1974) showed that afferent volleys elicited by stimulation of a cutaneous nerve from the paw and recorded in the medial lemniscus are depressed more than 100 msec before a movement of the stimulated paw occurs. In monkeys, Dyhre-Poulsen ( 1978) also reported that potentials evoked in the medial lemniscus by either electrical or tactile stimuli are markedly reduced before movement of the limb from which the test response was elicited. As this depression of cutaneous afferents takes place before the onset of

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