1. Perry Miller, Errand into the Wilderness ( Cambridge, Mass.: 1956), 48-98.
2. Edmund Morgan, Roger Williams: The Church and the State ( New York: 1967); Edmund Morgan, The Puritan Dilemma: The Story of John Winthrop ( Boston: 1950), 115-33.
3. Morgan, Puritan Dilemma, 134-56; Kai Erikson, Wayward Puritans: A Study in
the Sociology of Deviance ( New York: 1966), 71-106; Emery Battis, Saints and Sectaries:
Anne Hutchinson and the Antinomian Controversy in Massachusetts Bay ( Chapel Hill, N.C.: 1962); David Hall, ed. The Antinomian Controversy, 1636-1638 ( Middletown, Conn., 1968).
4. George Bishop, New England Judged ( London: 1703); Erikson, Wayward Puritans, 107-36; and Arthur Worrall, Quakers in the Colonial Northeast ( Hanover, N.H.: 1980), 1-58, are general accounts of the Quaker invasion of Massachusetts. See also Mary Hoxie Jones, The Standard of the Lord Lifted Up (n.p.: 1961).
5. William Wayne Spurrier, "Persecution of the Quakers in England, 1650-1714"
(Ph.D. diss., University of North Carolina, 1976), contains a discussion of changing
Quaker attitudes toward persecution.
6. Rufus Jones, Quakers in the American Colonies ( New York: 1911; reprinted 1966), 50.
9.There were nineteen traveling visitors from England before 1660; forty-six between 1661 and 1684.
G. J. Willauer, Jr., "First Publishers of Truth in New England: A
Composite List," Quaker History (hereafter QH) 65 ( 1976): 39-44.
10. Jonathan Chu, Neighbors, Friends, or Madmen: The Puritan Adjustment to Quakerism in Seventeenth-Century Masachusetts Bay ( Westport, Conn.: 1985).
11. David Lovejoy, Religious Enthusiasm in the New World: Heresy to Revolution
( Cambridge, Mass.: 1985), is an excellent account of the radical religion in colonial America and includes a chapter on Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, and the Quakers.
12. Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, ed.
John R. Bartlett
( Providence, R.I.: 1856), I, 111, 150, 282, 396, 441; II, 111-12, 142.
13. Worrall, Quakers in the Colonial Northeast, 31-42. In 1676 Williams's account
of the debate was published in George Fox Digg'd out of his Burrowes. Perhaps enjoying
the pun, Friends replied in A New-England Fire-brand Quenched ( 1678).
14.An Account of all the Yearly, Quarterly, Monthly, and Particular Meetings of Friends in America, 1772, MS, Quaker Collection, Haverford College, Haverford Pa.
15. Sydney V. James, Colonial Rhode Island: A History ( New York: 1975), 188, 217-19.
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