discourse-pragmatic constraint, while the other member has a specific value (plus or minus) for that constraint. (Chapters 3, 4, and 5. )
Nonactual.
A property of those situations which did not occur in the past or which do not obtain at speech time. (Chapter 4. )
Nonsubinterval property.
In tense logic, the property of those tenseless propositions which cannot be said to be true at all times during the overall time at which they occur. (Chapter 1. )
Override.
The function performed by those constructs which express phasal aspect. Phasal aspects like the progressive license aspectual construals at odds with the situation aspect of the participial complement. In the case of the progressive, the progressive sentence counts as a stative predication, while the participial complement is canonically eventive. (Chapter 1. )
Past operator (Past).
A tense operator which relates speech time to a situation anterior to speech time.
Perfect.
A formal exponent of phasal aspect which denotes that state which obtains at some point following the time at which the reference situation culminates. (Chapters 1 and passim. )
Perfect operator (PERF).
An aspectual operator which relates a proposition to a time after the interval for which it was true. This operator is also referred to as have. (Chapters 1 and 5. )
Perfective.
A viewpoint aspect which encodes the speaker’s willingness to attend to the endpoints of the situation referred to. Perfective aspect is the canonical mode of presentation for events. (Chapter 1. )
Perspectival-shift link.
A method of representing that inheritance relation which holds when one expression, A, represents a conventionalized semantic extension of a deictic expression B and that extension consists in the transfer of the deictic reference point to a value not anchored in the speech scene. (Chapter 4. )
Phasal aspect.
A set of aspectual distinctions involving relations between a background situation (the reference situation) and a situation located relative to the reference situation (the denoted situation). In English, phasal distinctions are expressed by auxiliary-headed constructions, like the inceptive, progressive, and perfect constructions, whose head verbs express the aspectual class of the denoted situation. The aspectual class of the denoted situation differs from that of the reference situation (see Override ). (Chapters 1 and 2. )
Present operator (Pres).
A tense operator which relates the time of a situation to speech time. (Chapter 1. )
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Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication Information: Book Title: Aspectual Grammar and Past-Time Reference. Contributors: Laura A. Michaelis - author. Publisher: Routledge. Place of Publication: London. Publication Year: 1998. Page Number: xv.
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