Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Schrafstetter, Susanna. Avoiding Armageddon: Europe, the United States, and the struggle for nuclear nonproliferation, 1945-1970 / Susanna Schrafstetter and Stephen Twigge. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-275-97599-1 (alk. paper) 1. Nuclear nonproliferation. 2. Europe—Foreign relations—United States. 3. United States—Foreign relations—Europe. 4. Europe—Politics and government—1945- I. Twigge, Stephen Robert, 1962- II. Title. JZ5675.S36 2004 327.1'747'09045—dc22 2003068712 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2004 by Susanna Schrafstetter and Stephen Twigge All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2003068712 ISBN: 0-275-97599-1 First published in 2004 Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.praeger.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -iv- |