sidering the number of invasions from the east to
the west which these regions have experienced in
the course of the ages, we must admit the fact. In
the resolve to show ourselves true scholars, lovers
of a somewhat dubious science, we must also note
the fact that in the excavations Celtic reminders,
brachycephalic in character, are also abundantly
discovered. All of which proves, we take it, one
well-attested fact of history, that the Germans have
frequently emigrated into Alsace, interposing them-
selves among the primitive peoples. In this men-
suration of skulls honors are easy, and commingled,
and of doubtful pertinence. One reflection occurs
to the inquiring mind. If modern states are to be
ethnographic unities, if racial lines are to deter-
mine national boundaries, why should not Germany
incorporate Livonia and the city of Riga? Why
should not Prussia incorporate Holland, why should
not France annex Belgium, why should not Spain
take Portugal? Again, why should there not be
two or three Switzerlands, several Russias, a half
a dozen Austrias? Why should not Scotland be
separated from England? It should be also noted
that the Prussians have shown no conspicuous signs
of a willingness to give up their Polish possessions out
of respect for ethnology. Evidently, in their opin-

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