Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Anderson, James Maxwell, 1933- The history of Portugal / James M. Anderson. p. cm. -- (The Greenwood histories of the modern nations, ISSN 1096-2905) Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. ISBN 0-313-31106-4 (alk. paper) 1. Portugal -- History. I. Title. II. Series. DP538.A56 2000 946.9 -- dc21 99-43637 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2000 by James M. Anderson All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 99-43637 ISBN: 0-313-31106-4 ISSN: 1096-2905 First published in 2000 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood ublishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America ∞+⃝ The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -iv- |