Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Douglas George H., 1934- The Golden Age of the newspaper / George H. Douglas. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-313-31077-7 (alk. paper) 1. American newspapers--History-- 19th century. 2. American newspapers--History--20th century. I. Title. PN4864.D68 1999 071'.3'0904--dc21 98-50238 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 1999 by George H. Douglas All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-50238 ISBN: 0-313-31077-7 First published in 1999 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America ∞ + ⃝™ The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -iv- |