Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Johnson, Charles. African American soldiers in the National Guard: recruitment and deployment during peacetime and war / Charles Johnson Jr. p. cm. -- (Contributions in Afro-American and African studies, ISSN 0069-9624; no. 149) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-313-20706-2 (alk. paper) 1. United States--National Guard--Afro-Americans--History. 2. United States--Militia--Afro-American's--History. I. Title. II. Series. UA42.J64 1992 355.3'7'08996073--dc20 91-44510 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 1992 by Charles Johnson, Jr. All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 91-44510 ISBN: 0-313-20706-2 ISSN: 0069-9624 First published in 1992 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Printed in the United States of America ∞ + ⃝ + ™ The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -iv- |