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Copyright © 1998 by Ronald Grigor Suny

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Mandelstam's poem on Stalin ( November 1933) is reprinted
with the permission of Scribner, a Division of Simon & Schuster,
from Hope Against Hope: A Memoir, by Nadezha Mandelstam,
translated by Max Hayward. Copyright © 1970
Atheneum Publishers. English translation
copyright © 1970 Atheneum Publishers.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Suny, Ronald Grigor.

The Soviet experiment: Russia, the USSR, and the successor states
/ Ronald Grigor Suny.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-19-508104-8 (acid-free paper). -- ISBN 0-19-508105-6 (pbk.
: acid-free paper)

1. Soviet Union -- History. I. Title.

DK266.S94

1998

947-dc2l 97-19996

CIP

ISBN 0-19-508104-8 (cloth)

0-19-508105-6 (paper)

Printing (last digit): 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper

-iv-