History and Warfare Permission has been generously given to reprint material in this book that has been adapted from the following articles: Weston F. Cook Jr., "Warfare and State-Building in Early Mod- ern Morocco, 1497-1517", JUSUR: The UCLA Journal of Middle East Studies 4 ( 1988): 1-30. Weston F. Cook Jr., "The Cannon Conquest of Nasrid Spain and the End of the Reconquista", The Journal of Military History 57 ( January 1993): 43-70. Weston F. Cook Jr., "Warfare and Firearms in Fifteenth Century Morocco", War & Society 11 ( October 1993): 25- 30. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any, in- formation storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Copyright © 1994 by Westview Press, Inc. Published in 1994 in the United States of America by Westview Press, Inc., 5500 Central Ave- nue, Boulder, Colorado 80301-2877, and in the United Kingdom by Westview Press, 36 Lonsdale Road, Summertown, Oxford OX2 7EW Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cook, Weston F. The hundred years war for Morocco: gunpowder and the military revolution in the early modern Muslim world / by Weston F. Cook, Jr. p. cm.--(History and warfare) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8133-1435-6 1. Morocco--History, Military. 2. Firearms--Morocco--History. 3. Military art and science--Morocco--History. I. Title. II. Series. DT322.C58 1994 964′.02--dc20 92-36779 CIP Printed and bound in the United States of America ∞ + ⃝ The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48-1984. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -vi- |