The Tacoma race riot involved the Chinese residents of Tacoma, Washington, all of whom were harassed into leaving their homes. In 1884 a "workingmen's union" was formed in Tacoma, led by the mayor of the city, Robert Weisbach. He and other community officials decided to drive the Chinese residents from the city. In February 1885, they formed an anti- Chinese committee and began to boycott Chinese merchants. On October 9, 1885, the committee decided to force all Chi- nese people from the city by November 1; they went door to door informing the Chinese that they must leave. However, by November 1, only 500 of the 700 Chinese residents had left, so committee members forcibly moved the Chinese people and their belongings to the train station and burned their houses behind them. Ten of the men involved with the anti-Chinese committee were arrested and tried, but none were ever con- victed. See also Los Angeles Riot ( 1871); Rock Springs Riot.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Daniels Roger, ed. Anti-Chinese Violence in North America. New York: Arno Press, 1978.
Taft Commission
In 1898 at the end of the Spanish-American War, the United States obtained the Philippines from Spain through the Treaty of Paris. The Taft Commission, or the Second Philippine Commission, was formed by President William McKinley to examine the newly acquired Philippine Islands. Headed by Judge William Howard Taft, the commission lasted from 1900 to 1904, studying all aspects of the Filipino civic, political, and economic life. The commission reported that they felt the Philippine government should be permitted to govern more independently. It also encouraged the U.S. government to give $1 million to assist with highway and road repairs, and $1 million to complete the reconstruction of Manila harbor. The commission also recommended a reorganization of the Fili- pino court system and the Filipino Bureaus of Forestry and Mining. They also supported the passage of the Pensionado Act of 1903, through which Filipino children were schooled and trained in the United States. See also Jones Act of 1916; Philippine America War.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Taylor George E.. The Philippines and the United States: Problems of Partnership. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1964.
Taft-Katsura Agreement of 1905
The Taft-Katsura Agreement was a secret memorandum ex- changed by the United States secretary of war, William Taft, and Japan's prime minister, Katsura Taro. The memorandum endorsed the Japanese domination of Korea and the hegemony in the Philippines by the United States. Following the agree- ment, Japan forced the Korean government into accepting its position as a protectorate under the Protectorate Treaty of 1905. Korea later became a colony of Japan.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Lee Yur-Boh and Wayne Patterson, eds. One Hundred Years of Ko- rean-American Relations, 1882-1982. University, AL: The University of Alabama Press, 1986.
Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli (1944-)
Shirin Tahir-Kheli was the ambassador at the United States Mission to the United Nations (UN) from 1990 to 1993. He was the first Asian ambassador to represent the United States at the UN. He was also the first Muslim senior government official appointed by the president and confirmed by the Sen- ate. Born in Hyderabad, India, Tahir-Kheli taught at Temple University from 1973 to 1985. He joined the Office of the Secretary of State as a member of the policy planning staff in 1982. Later he became director of political-military affairs from 1984 to 1986. He was the director of the Near East and South Asian Affairs from 1986 to 1989. He is currently a fel- low at the Center of International Studies at Princeton University.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Anderson Jack. "CIA Fought Clearance for NSC Staffer." Newsday ( February 10, 1988): 76.
Sakae Takahashi (1919-)
After serving as a first lieutenant and captain with the 100th Infantry Battalion during World War II, Sakae Takahashi won a 1950 seat on the Hawaiian Board of Supervisors. He was appointed the next year to serve as treasurer of the Terri- tory of Hawaii, and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1954. In the late 1960s, Takahashi was active in opposing private de- velopment projects on public lands.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
O'Brien David J. and Stephen S. Fugita. The Japanese American Experience. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.
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Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication Information: Book Title: Encyclopedia of Minorities in American Politics: African Americans and Asian Americans. Volume: 1. Contributors: Jeffrey D. Schultz - editor, Kerry L. Haynie - editor, Anne M. McCulloch - editor, Andrew L. Aoki - editor. Publisher: Oryx Press. Place of Publication: Phoenix. Publication Year: 2000. Page Number: 337.
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