The creation of man. ¹⁸ The sketch of the relevant myth
"Enki and Ninmah" on pages 68 - 72 is still valid in large
part. Since the publication of the book, however, the available
source material for the myth has been augmented, and the
fuller text now available will be found in the edition of the
composition prepared by Carlos Benito in his dissertation for
the Department of Oriental Studies of the University of Penn-
sylvania. The purpose for which man was created is stated
explicitly in the introductory lines of the mythological dispu-
tation "Cattle and Grain" cited on pages 72 - 73, which may
now be revised to read as follows:

After on the mountain of heaven and earth,
An had caused the Anunnaki to be born,
Because Ashnan had not been born, had not been fashioned,
In the land the threads of Uttu (the goddess of clothing) had
not been shaped,
For Uttu no temenos

had been filled

There was no ewe, the lambs multiplied not,
There was no she-goat, the kids multiplied not,
The ewe did not give birth to its two lambs,
The she-goat did not give birth to its three kids.
Because the name of Ashnan, the kusu and Lahar,
The Anunnaki, the great gods, did not know,
The shemush-barley of thirty days did not exist,
The shemush-barley of forty days did not exist,
The very small barley, the mountain-barley, the barley of the
holy settlements, did not exist,
There was no wearing of clothes.

(Because) Uttu had not been born, the crown had not been
raised,
(Because) the lord of the horned tiara, the very precious lord,
had not been born,
(Because) Sumugan had not come forth on the dry land,
The men of those days of yore,
Knew not the eating of bread,
Knew not the wearing of clothes,
Ate herbs with their mouths like sheep,
Drank water from the furrows.

In those days, in the creation chamber of the gods,
In their house Duka, Lahar and Ashman were fashioned,

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