in Pennsylvania), farmer in Idaho, vice-president of the
National Farmers' Alliance ( 1896); S. A. Knapp (born
in New York), farmer and miller, president of the Rico
Association of America, president of the Iowa State Agri-
cultural College ( 1883); John Dern (born in Hesse-
Darmstadt), big farmer in Nebraska, 1869 to 1881, sub-
sequently grain and lumber merchant and mine-owner.
Above all, the name of John A. Sutter, ¹. pioneer settler
in the Sacramento Valley, California, stands out promin-
ently in the history of agricultural industry in the Far
West. Around Sutter's Fort were cultivated crops which
had been entirely ignored before except by the missions.
The current impression among the settlers was that such
crops could not be grown in California without irrigation.
Sutter removed the prejudice, and to the present day
crop-culture without irrigation continues in the Sacra-
mento Valley to a very wide extent. ².

The German farmer was seen above to possess the
qualifications of skill, thrift and industry, initiative and
adaptability, which have made him uniformly the most
successful farmer in the United States. This reputation,
acquired in the eighteenth century, he has continued to
carry throughout the nineteenth and to the present day.
It is but natural to suppose, and investigation will prove,
that in the pursuits allied to farming, -- forestry, gardening,
and the production and manufacture of food products of all
kinds, -- the German has also assumed a prominent part.

The German farmer has always shown more regard for
the trees than the Anglo-Saxon. It is recorded of the

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