derive from personal allusions. . . have for many years been lost; and every topic of merriment, or motive of sorrow, which the modes of artificial life afforded him, now only obscure the scenes which they once illumin- ated.' And because we so keenly share Dr. Johnson's regret we cannot help asking, Must every lost thing re- main lost? May no corner of the dark curtain of oblivion be lifted? Or is it possible that materials already at hand may be put together to make a guide-post to rediscovery of some part of that lost land?
Let us see what may be done with what we have. To begin with, Twelfth Night sounds like a comedy written in the first place for a courtly audience; and authorities agree that its date must be in or about 1601. Also it is unique among Shakespeare's plays in having an exact calendar-date for a title. Twelfth Night is on the Feast of the Epiphany or the Three Kings, January Sixth. 1 Crowning the Christmas holidays -- Spenser's Faery Queen 'kept her annual feast twelve days' -- Twelfth Day is the last, and held as the greatest day of all.
Another significant fact, noted early in the nineteenth century, is that Shakespeare's company, the Lord Cham- berlain's Men, were paid for presenting a play -- title not recorded -- at Court on Twelfth Night, January 6, 1600/1.
The Oxford English Dictionary unhappily defines Twelfth- night as 'The evening before Twelfth-day,' and is followed in the error by the Fowlers in their Concise Oxford Dictionary, to the mis- leading of the unwary. One might equally well define Wedding- night as 'The evening before the wedding day'. Twelfth Eve is January 5 (the eleventh day of Christmas), and Twelfth Night is January 6, the night of Twelfth Day. In Queen Elizabeth's House- hold Accounts, the crowning festival night appears indifferently as 'Twelfth day at night' and 'Twelfth night'.
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Publication Information: Book Title: The First Night of Twelfth Night. Contributors: Leslie Hotson - author. Publisher: Macmillan. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 1954. Page Number: 12.
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