elaborate this point of view, and his intense opposition to the
possibility of unconscious processes prevented him from de-
veloping these concepts further.

In general, social psychologists have been the only group
which has recognized the self and has given attention to it.
At the beginning of the century Baldwin (14, 15) and Cooley
(39) developed theories concerning the origin of the self. Mc-
Dougall (143) found self-regarding tendencies to be among
the most important of the sentiments. Gardner Murphy (149)
and Kimball Young (211) have developed the concept of the
self in their treatises on social psychology. But the main body
of psychology has only recently recognized the self as a reputa-
ble topic for psychological research and inquiry. Gordon Allport's
significant paper, "The Ego in Contemporary Psychol-
ogy," created a new interest in the scientific study of the self
(8). The work by Sherif and Cantril (191) on The Psychology
of Ego Involvements indicates the growing strength of this
interest.

Another line of thought concerning the self derives from
Freud and the psychoanalysts. At the beginning of his work
Freud was interested more in the details and elements of the
mind, and it was only relatively late in his life that he recog-
nized the part that the self plays in adjustment. Freud term,
Das Ich, has been translated into English as ego, and, stem-
ming from psychoanalytical influence, the term is now widely
used in current discussions of the self. Freud little treatise
on The Ego and the Id (83) stimulated discussion on the ego
two decades ago, but within the last ten years another wave
of papers from the psychoanalytic point of view integrates the
ego psychology more thoroughly into the psychoanalytic sys-
tem of thought.

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