fragments, and deleted passages, revealed that the
original manuscript did not end in the middle of
chapter eighteen, but added a nineteenth and an
uncompleted twentieth chapter. (Fuller details are
given in chapter IX below.) The third German edition
gives a further continuation of the twentieth chapter,
which, however, was apparently never actually com-
pleted by the author. In the translation in the definitive
edition, published in 1953 by Messrs Secker and
Warburg, a slightly amended text of Mr Muir's trans-
lation is given, and the additional material has been
fully translated by Eithne Wilkins and Ernst Kaiser.

English and American readers must be very much
indebted to Mr Muir, as I am myself, for first intro-
ducing them to Kafka's work. They may also feel
some surprise that I have not made use of his very
pleasing and sensitive version, but have preferred to
use one of my own. This was not done out of any
feeling that I could better it as a whole. Yet I have
found that on many occasions the precise nuance
which I wished to emphasize was not present in the
English word chosen by Mr Muir to render the
German. I have also found, though far less frequently,
mistakes in the rendering of quite important passages.
Where, therefore, there is a very wide divergence
between my rendering and that of the definitive
edition, as there is on about half-a-dozen occasions,
I can only request that the German text be consulted.

R. D. G.

-viii-