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NOTES TO PART ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.
Erwin Panofsky, Abbot Suger ( Princeton,
1946), 144. The Ordinatio of 1140 or 1141 already
contains a few notes about the building of St Denis.

p. I

2. G. S. Colin, "'Origine arabe du mot français
ogive'", in Romania, LXIII ( 1937), 377; see also L. Torres Balbás
in Al-Andalus, VIII ( 1943), 475.
3.
T. Asby, "'The Classical Topography of the
Roman Campagna'", in Papers of the British School of
Rome, IV ( 1907), 97. Here the whole group of ruins
is illustrated. See especially the chamber 'ee' in the
plan on plate VIII. Cf. also G. T. Rivoira, Archi-
tettura romana ( Milan, 1921), 178.

p. 2

4. Jules Formigé, "'Notes sur des voûtes romaines
nervées à Arles'", in B.M., LXXVII ( 1913), 126, where
the plan is misleading. In projection the crypto-ribs
do not form two parallel lines, since the arches begin
in the form of groins and change smoothly and
continuously into ribs. See also Jeanne de Flandreysy
and Étienne Mellier, Arles et l'abbaye de
Montmajour ( Marseilles, 1922), figure 72 ff. to 81.
5. It is believed that the so-called Baths of Diana
at Arles contained an early example of a tunnel-
vault with transverse arches. Several later examples
exist in Romanesque buildings.
6. The history of research into Lombard archi-
tecture is given in the introduction to A. Kingsley Porter
, Lombard Architecture ( New Haven, 1915).
The dates which he gives for rib-vaults are, how-
ever, untenable. Cf. Paul Frankl, Die frühmittel-
alterliche und romanische Baukunst (Wildpark-Pots-
dam, 1926), 119 ff. and 197 ff. See also below, Note
66 to Chapter 2.
7.
John Bilson, "'The Beginnings of Gothic Archi-
tecture, etc.'", Journal of the Royal Institute of British
Architects ( 1899, 1902); "'Durham Cathedral, The
Chronology of its Vaults'", in The Archaeological
Journal, LXXIX ( 1922), 101.

p. 3

8. This is why large pieces of vault often project
in Roman ruins, or lie on the ground in huge blocks.
9.
Sigurd Curman and Johnny Roosval, Sveriges
Kyrkor, II, Gotland ( Stockholm, 1935), 95 (illustra-
tion) and 114.

p. 4

10. The theory that wood was introduced be-
cause it became cheaper is connected with the belief
that the first ribs were built in Lombardy, where
there is supposed to have been a shortage of wood.
However, the cross rib-vault does not come from
Lombardy and the forests in this country probably
did not disappear until later centuries.
11.
Auguste Choisy, L'art de bâtir chez les Romains
( Paris, 1873), 73-5.

p. 5

12.
The first man to recognize this was probably
James Essex ( 1723-84), whose notes are preserved in
the British Museum in London. The first man to
publish this observation in print was George Saunders
in "'Observations on the Origin of Gothic
Architecture'" (a lecture read in 1811), in Archaeo-
logia, XVII ( 1814), 15.

p. 6

13.
The Romanesque crypt of Canterbury Cathe-
dral contains many groin-vaults with double-
curved and irregular groins.

p. 7

14. G. Ungewitter and K. Mohrmann, Lehrbuch
der gotischen Konstruktionen, II ( Leipzig, 1890), 10.
With reference to what follows, cf. Mohrmann
whole chapter, pp. 8-18, and his plate III.
15. This kind of elliptical wall arch can be seen in
the choir of the church of the Trinité at Caen.
16.
Victor Mortet, "'L'expertise de la cathédrale
de Chartres en 1316'", C.A., LXVII ( 1901), 323;
Frankl, The Gothic, 57 ff.

p. 8

17.
George Saunders, loc. cit. (Note 12, above.)

p. 9

18.
Illustrations of these vaults and many others
can be found in Marcel Aubert, Croisées d'ogives,
extrait, 19, 41, 45, etc.

p. 13


CHAPTER 1
1.
John Bilson, loc. cit. (Note 7 to Introduction.)

p. 15

2.
Ernst Gall, "'Neue Beiträge zur Geschichte vom
Werden der Gotik'", in Monatshefte für Kunst-
wissenschaft, IV ( 1911), 309.

p. 16

3. Charles H. Moore, "'The Aisle Vaults of Win-
chester Transept'", in The Architectural Journal, XXIII
( 1916), 313.

-274-

Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com

Publication Information: Book Title: Gothic Architecture. Contributors: Paul Frankl - author. Publisher: Penguin Books. Place of Publication: Baltimore, MD. Publication Year: 1962. Page Number: 274.
    
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