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1703 Peter I founds St. Petersburg, which will replace
Moscow as the capital until the Communist era
1762-1796 Catherine II, the Great, rules
1770s Peasant revolt
1799 Birth of Alexander Pushkin, father of Russian
literature
1812 Napoleon invades Russia
1825 Decembrist revolt
1825-1855 Nicholas I rules
1861 Serfs are emancipated during the rule of Alex-
ander II
1881 Alexander II assassinated
1905 Japan defeats Russia in Russo-Japanese War;
general strike; Duma (parliament) founded
1914 World War I begins
1917 Russian revolution; communists seize power
later that year; Vladimir Lenin begins rule
1918 Tsar Nicholas II and his family murdered
1924 Lenin dies; Stalin will gain power and rule until
1953
1930s Stalin's purges
1941 Germany invades Russia; World War II ends
1945
1957 Russia launches Sputnik, beginning the space
age; Yuri Gagarin will orbit earth in 1961; Rus-
sia will launch space station Mir in 1986
1958-1964 Nikit Khrushchev rules
1964-1982 Leonid Brezhnev rules; this will be known as the
era of stagnation
1985-1991 Rule of Mikhail Gorbachev, who attempts to
bring perestroika (rebuilding) and glasnost (open-
ness) to Russia

-xiv-

Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com

Publication Information: Book Title: Culture and Customs of Russia. Contributors: Sydney Schultze - author. Publisher: Greenwood Press. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Publication Year: 2000. Page Number: xiv.
    
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