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5. The continental shelf 54
(a) Shelf types 54
i. Glaciated shelves 54
ii. Large river shelves 55
iii. Other shelf types 55
(b) The origin of the shelf 56
(c) The southern Californian borderland 57
(d) The continental shelf and adjacent shallow basins around
Britain 		60
i. Continental shelf 60
ii. Adjacent shallow sea areas 61
6. Other submarine features 63
(a) Submarine canyons 64
i. Distribution 64
ii. Types of canyons 64
iii. Examples of submarine canyons 64
iv. Origin of submarine canyons 67
(b) Sea-mounts and guyots 69
(c) Coral atolls and other reefs 72
References 76
CHAPTER 3. THE WATER OF THE OCEANS
Introduction 79
1. Oceanographical instruments 80
2. The characteristics of sea water 81
(a) Temperature of the ocean water 82
(b) Salinity of the surface water 86
(c) Oxygen content of the ocean water 89
3. Water masses 90
(a) Definition and concept 90
(b) Method of formation and character of the major surface
water masses 		94
i. North Atlantic Central Water 95
ii. South Atlantic Central Water 98
iii. Arctic Surface Water 99
iv. Subantarctic Water 99
v. North Pacific Subarctic Water 99
vi. Pacific Central Waters 99
vii. Pacific Equatorial Water 100
viii. Indian Central Water 100
ix. Indian Equatorial Water 101
x. Antarctic Surface Water 101
xi. Circumpolar Water 102

-viii-

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Publication Information: Book Title: An Introduction to Oceanography. Contributors: Cuchlaine A. M. King - author. Publisher: McGraw-Hill. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 1963. Page Number: viii.
    
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