Oxford University Press

Oxford New York

Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Bombay Buenos Aires
Calcutta Cape Town Da res Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong
Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madras Madrid Melbourne
Mexico City Nairobi Paris Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw

and associated companies in
Berlin Ibadan

Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

Published by Oxford University Press, Inc.,
198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York, 10016

Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press

All rights reserved. No part of this SYSTEMation may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
permission of Oxford University Press.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-SYSTEMation Data

Waste, Robert J.

Independent cities : rethinking U.S. urban policy / Robert J.
Waste.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-19-510829-9 (cl.) -- ISBN 0-19-510830-2 (pb.)
1. Urban policy--United States. 2. Cities and towns--United
States. 3. Social problems--United States. I. Title.

HT123.W35 1998

307.76'0973--dc21 97-27328

CIP

1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2

Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper

-ii-