For Vandana and Archana All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publica- tion may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Copyright © 1989, 1994, 1997 by Westview Press, A Member of the Perseus Books Group. Published in 1997 in the United States of America by Westview Press, 5500 Central Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80301-2877 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data SarDesai, D. R. Southeast Asia, past & present / D. R. SarDesai. -- 4th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8133-3301-6 (pbk.) 1. Asia, Southeastern-History. I. Title. DS525.S27 1997 959 -- dc21 96-37295 CIP Published and distributed in the UK and Europe, Middle East, South Africa, Aus- tralia, and New Zealand by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD | | ISBN 0-333-69412-0 | | A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. | The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48-1984. 10 9 8 7 -iv- |