COPYRIGHT, (9), 1959, BY BASIL DAVIDSON ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRO- DUCED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL MEANS INCLUDING INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYS- TEMS WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER, EXCEPT BY A REVIEWER WHO MAY QUOTE BRIEF PASSAGES IN A REVIEW. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NO. 59-11107 H For copies of rock engravings at Tondia I am indebted to M. Raymond Mauny, Director of Archaeology at the Institut de L'Afrique Noire, Dakar, who made them and has generously allowed me to reproduce them. I am indebted to Dr. Gertrude Caton-Thompson and the Clar- endon Press for permission to reproduce the drawing of stone steps at Great Zimbabwe. ATLANTIC-LlTTLE, BROWN BOOKS ARE PUBLISHED BY LITTLE, BROWN AND COMPANY IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY PRESS PRINTED IN THE UNITID STATES OF AMERICA -iv- |