An East Gate Book Copyright © 1992 by M. E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher, M. E. Sharpe, Inc., 80 Business Park Drive, Armonk, New York 10504. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data China's bitter victory: the war with Japan, 1937-1945 / [edited] by James C. Hsiung & Steven I. Levine p. cm. (Studies on modern China) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87332-708-X(cloth) ISBN 1-56324-246-X (pbk.) 1. Sino-Japanese Conflict, 1937-1945. I. Hsiung, James Chieh, 1935- . II. Levine, Steven I. III. Series. DS777.53.C525 1991 940.53--dc20 91-6961 CIP Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-- Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. ∞ + ⃝ MV (c) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 MV (p) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 -iv- |