ritories of the Russian Jewish pale. We shall be derelict in
our duty if we do not require, as part of the fundamental
law of these new republics, that the Jews shall have as great
religious freedom as they have in the United States. But
we must do more. We must have a league of nations to
see to it that such fundamental law exacted by the treaty shall
be enforced. We find full precedent for such a provision
in the law in the treaty made by the Congress of Berlin, in
which Bulgaria and Rumania were established as independ-
ent countries. Rumania, which had long been a heinous
sinner against the Jews, was forced by the Berlin Congress
to accept, as part of its constitution, a declaration that there
should be complete religious freedom and that no citizen
should be discriminated against on account of his religion
in any respect. The Rumanian government had the
audacity, after incorporating the guaranty in its fundamental
law, to declare and hold that Jews who had lived in Rumania
for two or three hundred years, father and son, were aliens.
In this way the protection of the Jews provided for in the
treaty of Berlin was denied, and this was after Rumania had
secured recognition as a government on an additional
promise of fair treatment of the Jews.

Let us have no farcical result in working out this treaty of
Versailles. Could we find a stronger argument for the con-
tinuance of our league of nations than this ignominious fail-
ure of that congress of 1879, under the presidency of Bis-
marck, to carry out its declared purpose? If there be any
people who should be earnestly in favor of a league of na-
tions as the outgrowth and the condition of this treaty now
being framed at Versailles the Jews are that people.

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