Copyright © 2000 The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380 All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 . 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 Jacket Design by Gary Gore ∞ The paper on which this book is printed meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Science-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Boeckmann, Cathy, 1968- A question of character: scientific racism and the genres of American fiction, 1892-1912/ Cathy Boeckmann. p. cm. -- (Studies in American literary realism and naturalism) Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. ISBN 0-8173-1021-5 (alk. paper) 1. American fiction-- 19th century--History and criticism. 2. Racism in literature. 3. American fiction--20th century--History and criticism. 4. Literature and science-- United States--History. 5. Characters and characteristics in literature. 6. Race discrimination in literature. 7. Passing (Identity) in literature. 8. Afro-Americans in litera- ture. 9. Eugenics in literature. 10. Literary form. I. Title. II. Series. PS374.R34 B64 2000 813′.409353--dc21 99-6765 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data available -iv- |