Michelle Trader, and Christine Arden--for their comments, encourage-
ment, and support. Nguyen van Hung made the translations from Viet-
namese in Chapters 6 and 7; translations from French, Khmer, and Thai,
unless otherwise noted, are my own.

A major intellectual influence that may be perceptible in the book is
that of the late Paul Mus, whose insights into Southeast Asian society
and culture illuminated my first two years of graduate study. Other
teachers, students, and friends have also made important contributions
along the way. These include the late Harry Benda, May Ebihara, Robert
Elson, Kate Frieson, Steve Heder, Charles F. Keyes, Ben Kiernan, J. D.
Legge, David Marr, David Joel Steinberg, John Tully, Alexander Wood-
side, and David Wyatt. The portions of the book dealing with the Khmer
Rouge also gained from my discussions over the years with Richard
Arant, David Ashley, Youk Chhang, Alexander Hinton, Christophe
Peschoux, Nate Thayer, and Serge Thion.

I'm grateful for access to the facilities of Harvard University, where I
began my research for the book in 1977, and to those of Cornell Univer-
sity, which I visited on several occasions between 1977 and 1999. Staff
members of the French colonial archives in Aix-en-Provence were ex-
tremely helpful when I worked there in 1977 and 1986. For many years I
was assisted ably and often by the interlibrary loan personnel of the
Monash University Library. And in 1998-1999, while preparing the third
edition, I drew on the ample library holdings of Georgetown University,
the University of Wisconsin, and the University of Oregon.

In other publications, I have recorded my gratitude to Cambodian
friends in 1960-1962, 1970, and 1971. Few of them survived the holocaust
of the 1970s, and it's appropriate to record my gratitude to them once
again, singling out Long Anar, Chhea Ton, the villagers of Krol Ko ham-
let, Kompong Speu, and the late Dik Keam, formerly librarian of the In-
stitut Bouddhique, who was murdered near Kratie as a "class enemy" in
1977.

Photographs were supplied by Claude Jacques (one photo), Walter Veit
(four photos), Jacques Nepote (one photo), Christine Drummond (one
photo), Roger Smith (one photo), Serge Thion (one photo), Brian L.
Stevens (one photo), Kelvin Rowley (one photo), Stephen Randall (one
photo), Nate Thayer (one photo), and James Gerrand (one photo). The re-
maining photographs are my own.

Any mistakes that have slipped past so many skilled and helpful peo-
ple are obviously mine.

David Chandler
Washington, D.C., November 1999

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