in tattered clothes and with jarring manners, who is al-
ready truly American in this most important sense; who
has long shared our ideals and who, oppressed and per-
secuted abroad, has yearned for our land of liberty and
for the opportunity of aiding in the realization of its
aims.

What are the American ideals? They are the develop-
ment of the individual for his own and the common good;
the development of the individual through liberty, and
the attainment of the common good through democracy
and social justice.

Our form of government, as well as humanity, com-
pels us to strive for the development of the individual
man. Under universal suffrage (soon to be extended to
women) every voter is a part ruler of the state. Unless
the rulers have, in the main, education and character,
and are free men, our great experiment in democracy
must fail. It devolves upon the state, therefore, to fit its
rulers for their task. It must provide not only facilities for
development but the opportunity of using them. It must
not only provide opportunity, it must stimulate the desire
to avail of it. Thus we are compelled to insist upon the
observance of what we somewhat vaguely term the Amer-
ican standard of living; we become necessarily our
brothers' keepers.

'What does this standard imply? In substance, the ex-
ercise of those rights which our Constitution guarantees,
the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Life,
in this connection, means living, not existing; liberty,
freedom in things industrial as well as political; happi-

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