Grand River Codroy, conning his land grant. After reciting in part
the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht, 1713, Treaty of Paris, 1763,
Treaty of Versailles, 1783, the document concluded, in ink, February,
1899, "one of the orders incumbent on you is that for the present
no permanent buildings or establishments of any description shall
be constructed on any part of the land in the annexed grant except
with the approval of Her Majesty's Government." Fee for grant
five dollars. The original grant was to John Blanchard from whom
Mr. McIsaac bought it, Blanchardfils signing for his father, since
the old man could not write. The present owner commenced
farming in 1914. He has now 240 acres, of which one half is cleared;
and as in Finland, the wood cut is a valuable source of supplementary
revenue. (It goes as pit props to Buchans.)

Between Codroy Pond and Robinson's the railway runs through
and over wooded ravines, and by the side are recent clearings,
awaiting their road bed. For here, as elsewhere, it is railway first,
and highroad later. The embankments are steep and stone faced
and must have required a mass of labour. The coastal motor run
past Cartyville, Heatherton and Fischell's left one with a curious
feeling. On top was the dominant race, a postmaster, a gentleman
farmer, a store-keeper with land to sell--clusters of related families,
Butts and Leggs galore. Down below by the shore were settlers of
French descent, of lower standing economically and socially, but
goodhearted and thriving. But this was only a first impression. I
went over the ground again in 1953 with the help of a professional
friend who had done survey work on the West Coast. There are
three streams of French stock--French of Old France, descendants
perhaps of deserters from French ships; French of Quebec; and
French Acadians. Among the last in particular are numerous
families of substance--LeBlancs (now Whites), Gormiers, Gaudets,
LeCoeurs, and the Gallant family, whose senior representative died
recently at 95, and after whom Stephenville, the American airbase,
is named. On the west of the fertile Port au Port peninsula are old
world settlers from Brittany. On the south of it is the Scottish
settlement of Campbell's Creek: while at Codroy, St. Andrew's and
MacKay, Nova Scotian Scots are strongly represented. Much
indeed of the West Coast settlement, whether English, French or
Scottish, is a back-flow from the mainland.

In the Humber Valley there are again two types of farming. First,
the established farmers of Pasadena--Midland; Mr. Leonard Earle's
model farm and strawberry grounds; Mr. Atkinson's Holsteins

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