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someone who always assumes that overdue bills, churned out by computers,
reflect the exasperation and ill will toward him of particular persons within the
billing companies. Personalization depends on a suspension of intellectual dis-
crimination, so that what one feels and what one knows become two different
things.

One patient knew his job application was rejected because he did not graduate from
technical school, yet saw the rejection as a demonstration of lack of love.

An author's fiction was rejected by a nonfiction publisher; still, the rejection was mis-
interpreted as an aspersion on his ability to write.

A man whose mother with Alzheimer's disease accused him of stealing thought, "She
really hates me, doesn't she?" and became depressed even though he knew that, because
she no longer recognized him and believed that it was a stranger stealing her things, no
rejection was consciously intended.

2. In selective abstraction there is a part-to-whole syllogism in which the
depressive justifies his critical view of himself by generalizing from the aspects
of himself he does not admire and suppressing the significance of the more
favorable aspects. The depressive follows the same illogic in consciously for-
mulating his view of the world: the partial picture becomes the whole picture
when the baneful side of life becomes its essence.
3. In overgeneralization, as defined by Aaron T. Beck, there is a drawing of
a general conclusion across all situations on the basis of a single incident. One
result is a depressive catastrophic reaction to what are merely the annoyances
or reverses of everyday life. 2

A patient met a man for the first time. He made a date with her, but subsequently summarily
canceled, saying, "I will call you in a few days." The patient became depressed because
her immediate reaction was to assume either that the man would not call or that he would
make a date, then call to cancel again, and that she could expect this treatment from all
men.


NOTES
1. Otto Fenichel. The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis. New York: W. W. Norton,
1945.
2. Aaron T. Beck. Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. New York: In-
ternational Universities Press, 1976.

-84-

Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com

Publication Information: Book Title: The Human Dimension of Depression: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis, Understanding, and Treatment. Contributors: Martin Kantor - author. Publisher: Praeger. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 1992. Page Number: 84.
    
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