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mental conservation and economic activities are substantially intertwined;
and that without global collaboration a healthy, sustainable biosphere is not
possible.

Looking back on the historical development of the environmental move-
ment during the twentieth century, it is apparent that the world has partially
shifted itself in a new direction. That is not to say that a Chernobyl-like acci-
dent could never reoccur, that people will never be exposed to a cancer-
causing substance, that no species of wildlife will ever become extinct, that
any natural environment will never be exploited, or that global climate
change will not occur. There is a great deal of work yet to be done on these
and many other environmental concerns. As the needs and goals of the
global community change in the twenty-first century, new environmental
issues no doubt will emerge to be reckoned with, and new environmentalists
and organizations will arise to meet those challenges.


NOTES
1. Norman J. Vig and Michael E. Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s
( Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1994), 73.
2. Samuel P. Hays, Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Poli-
tics in the United States, 1955-1985
( New York: Cambridge University Press,
1987), 5.
3. City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey, 437 US 617, p. 628 ( 1978).
4. Duke Power v. Carolina Environmental Study Group, Inc., 438 US 59
( 1978).
5. Missouri v. Holland, 252 US 416 ( 1920).
6. Jacqueline V. Switzer, Environmental Politics: Domestic and Global Di-
mensions
( New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), 14.
7. Charles H. Southwick, "Environmental Impacts of Early Societies and the
Rise of Agriculture," in C. H. Southwick, ed., Global Ecology ( New York: Ox-
ford University Press, 1996), 209.
8. 1989 G7 Paris Economic Summit, Weekly Compilation of Presidential
Documents
( July 16, 1989), 1105.
9. Robert W. Hahn and Kenneth Richards, "The Internationalization of En-
vironmental Regulation," Harvard Journal of International Law 30 ( 1989):
421-46.
10. Richard Sandbrook, "Towards a Global Environmental Strategy," in C. C. Clark
, ed., Environmental Policies ( Dover, NH: Croom Helm, 1986), 302.

-24-

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Publication Information: Book Title: The Environmental Crisis. Contributors: Miguel A. Santos - author, Randall M. Miller - editor. Publisher: Greenwood Press. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Publication Year: 1999. Page Number: 24.
    
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