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equal opportunity for survival." 47 The study of differential mortality, using the
indexes just described, is partly directed toward that end.


NOTES
1. A. H. Pollard, Farhat Yusuf, and G. N. Pollard, Demographic Techniques, 3d
ed. ( Sydney, Australia: Pergamon Press, 1990), p. 63.
2. Ester Boserup, Population and Technological Change: A Study of Long-Term
Trends ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), pp. 124-125.
3. Abdel R. Omran, "Epidemiologic Transition: Theory," in International Ency-
clopedia of Population, Vol. 1, edited by John A. Ross ( New York: Free Press, 1982),
pp. 172-173. The original formulation is in Abdel R. Omran, "Epidemiologic Transition:
A Theory of the Epidemiology of Population Change," Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly
4:1 ( October 1971), pp. 509-538. See also Regina McNamara, "Mortality Trends: His-
torical Trends," in Ross, Encyclopedia, Vol. 2, p. 461.
4. Abdel R. Omran, "Epidemiologic Transition: United States," in Ross, Encyclo-
pedia, Vol. 1, pp. 175, 177.
5. National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Statistics of the United States, 1987,
Vol. II, Mortality, Part A ( Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1990), Sec.
1, Table 6; NCHS, "Advance Report of Final Mortality Statistics, 1988," Monthly Vital
Statistics Report 39:7 ( Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, November 1990),
Table 10.
6. John R. Weeks, Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, 4th ed.
( Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1989), p. 150.
7. Bryan L. Boulier and Vincente B. Paqueo, "On the Theory and Measurement of
the Determinants of Mortality," Demography 25:2 ( May 1988), pp. 249-250.
8. The Hayflick effect was discovered by Leonard Hayflick, "Human Cells and
Aging," Scientific American 218:3 ( March 1968), pp. 32-37.
9. Donald McFarlan, ed., The Guinness Book of Records, 1991 ( New York: Facts
on File, 1990), p. 13.
10. Edward L. Schneider and John D. Reed Jr., "Life Extension," New England
Journal of Medicine 312:18 ( May 1, 1985), p. 1159. See also Josianne Duchene and
Guillaume Wunsch, "From the Demographer's Cauldron: Single Decrement Life Tables
and the Span of Life," Genus 44:3 ( July-December, 1985), p. 5.
11. Theodore J. Gordon, "Prospects for Aging in America," in Aging from Birth to
Death, edited by Matilda White Riley ( Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1979), p. 186.
12. Weeks, Population, p. 153.
13. U.S. House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Human Services of the Select
Committee on Aging, Future Directions for Aging Policy: A Human Services Model
( Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1980), pp. 109-110.
14. Ibid., p. 110. For projections of life expectancy to 2080, see U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Gregory Spencer, "Projections of the Population of the United States, by Age,
Sex, and Race: 1988 to 2080," Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No. 1018
( Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1989), p. 153.
15. Subcommittee on Human Services, Future Directions for Aging Policy, pp. 111-
112.
16. For a study of this matter, see U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment,

-27-

Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com

Publication Information: Book Title: Mortality Patterns and Trends in the United States. Contributors: Paul E. Zopf Jr. - author. Publisher: Greenwood Press. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Publication Year: 1992. Page Number: 27.
    
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