Research Council and financed by the Volkswagen Foundation and the
German Marshall Fund. I am particularly grateful to program coordinators
Claudia Woörmann and Monika Medick-Krakau, who cut through red tape
so that the fellows could get things done. A first-year faculty summer
grant from Florida State University enabled me to spend an additional two
months in Berlin in 1990, and a grant from the FSU Council on Research
and Creativity gave me the opportunity to prepare the final manuscript in
the summer of 1992. Support from the Norman and Bernice Harris Center
for Judaic Studies at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln helped bring the
book to fruition.

I am grateful to the University of North Carolina Press for taking on this
project. Lewis Bateman lent his encouragement from an early stage, Ron
Maner shepherded the manuscript through the publication process, and
Christi Stanforth carefully copyedited my prose.

At home, Catherine Clarke patiently abided my preoccupation with the
completion of this book. Finally, my greatest debt is to my parents, to
whom this book is dedicated. Their integrity, compassion, dignity, and
goodness, which survived the camps of Nazi Europe intact, provide compel-
ling proof of the ability of the human spirit to overcome evil and adversity.

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