regarded by the writer as, at best, anything more than a first approxima- tion to the truth. Such as it is, the scheme has a twofold origin: (1) in an analysis of developed experience; (2) in the observation of less developed experience. The fourfold method of correlation differing stage by stage (a) in respect of the factors explicitly taken into account, and (b) therewith in extent of the sphere comprehended, appears to the writer to be realised in human consciousness as we run the gamut from philo- sophical reflection down to the quasi-mechanical response of habit. Whether these stages into which developed human reason can be analysed correspond to stages by which it grew is of course another question--a question only to be answered by a much wider knowledge of animal psychology and of the distinct processes of human development than we at present possess. If we accept evolution, analogy suggests that human intelligence is a specific and higher development of a more general form of intelligence. Hence, if we cut away the higher development, we should come to something roughly common to man and the higher animals. If we cut further, we should come to something common to man and a wider class of animals, and so forth. But there is a caution to be borne in mind. No two species will come to a quite identical de- velopment. No part of the physical structure of man, I suppose, is precisely equivalent to the homologous part in another mammal, still less in another vertebrate of a different class. It is the same with the mental structure. We must not expect to find any animals whose intelligence falls readily into any classification based on the analysis of human ex- perience. We can only expect to find homologous developments. That being understood, it may be said that the method of the preceding chapters, so far as they relate to animals, has been to analyse out the phases of intellectual development as distinguishable in human experience, and to discover what homologous structures are to be found in the animal world. In accordance with these homologies animals are ranked in the classification.
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Publication Information: Book Title: Mind in Evolution. Contributors: L. T. Hobhouse - author. Publisher: Arno Press. Place of Publication: London. Publication Year: 1915. Page Number: 412.
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