WHEN Eleanor in England received the news of the
death of her husband, she set herself up in the state
that Henry had denied her since her part in the rebel-
lion of 1173 and made a queenly progress through the country. She
ordered that all captives should be released from prison, since, says
Roger of Hoveden, "in her own person she had learned by experi-
ence that confinement is distasteful to mankind and that it is a most
delightful refreshment to the spirits to be liberated therefrom."

One of Richard's first acts was to dismiss from his service all those
who had deserted his father and come over to him, while he re-
tained and showed great favor to those who had been faithful to
Henry. He made one exception: he welcomed his brother John and
took him back to England with him on August 12, 1189. After
they landed, Richard confirmed John's title to the county of Mor-
tain, the county of Nottingham, and the castle of Marlborough,
which his father had given him in 1174. In addition he gave him

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