democracy. Part Three consists of two case studies, one of Egypt's coer-
cion and containment of Islamists and the other of Jordan's milder expe-
rience with Islamists. I conclude by discussing the prospects for democ-
racy in the Arab world.

For translation of Arabic words, I have used the simple system of the
International Journal of Middle East Studies, with some modifications fol-
lowing those of Albert Hourani in A History of the Arab Peoples. Thus, the
àayn is indicated by an inverted apostrophe (') and the hamzah is indicated
by an apostrophe (') only if they come in the middle of a word. Second,
the definite article al- is prefixed to an Arabic name only the first time the
name is used. Third, doubled vowels in the middle of a word are indi-
cated by iyya or uwwa. Finally, words or names which have a familiar
English transliteration are used in the familiar form, such as "Nasser" of
Egypt rather than "Nasir," except that official spellings are used for
"Makkah" and "Madinah."

Najib Ghadbian
New Brunswick, New Jersey

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