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192 which a super-commentator adds, (a) "for this [applies to]
every man"; and (b) (verse 14), "since for every deed God will
bring into judgment," to which again a super-commentator
adds (c) "for every hidden act, whether good or bad."
193 Literally "The end of the matter," i.e., finis. This
phrase appears at the beginning of verse 13, but ought to have
been placed immediately after "all is vanity" (verse 8b).
As an explanation to the misplaced phrase, someone added
"all has been heard"--i.e., the argument is done. These
many additions, each independent of the other, bear witness
to the interest that the book must have aroused; and it
should furthermore be borne in mind, as a further justifica-
tion for thus regarding verses 9-14 (with the exception of
"The end of the matter" at the beginning of verse 13) as a
series of miscellaneous comments, that in ancient manuscripts
the close of a book is the favorite place for such notes, just
as we are inclined to scribble some comment on the last page
of a book. Recalling that in ancient days a single manuscript
passed through many hands, it will not be surprising to find
such comments increasing in number, as time went on. There
might easily have been more than eleven such notes.

-242-

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Publication Information: Book Title: A Gentle Cynic: Being a Translation of the Book of Koheleth, Commonly Known as Ecclesiastes, Stripped of Later Additions Also Its Origin, Growth, and Interpretation. Contributors: Morris Jastrow Jr. - author. Publisher: Lippincott. Place of Publication: Philadelphia. Publication Year: 1919. Page Number: 242.
    
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