designated driver to reduce auto-related accidents is considered to be
effective, a similar selection of a designated recreational boat operator
may prove not as efficacious in preventing boating accidents. As such,
absent from unimodal studies is an examination of why certain policies
work for one mode of transportation but not necessarily for another.

Another example of possible similarities of policies across modes
pertains to the deregulatory climate of the last decade and the impact of
deregulation on safety across these transportation modes. While there
have been numerous studies of the effects of deregulation on various
modes of transportation, these are usually conducted without consid-
ering similar deregulatory effects on other modes. For example, studies
of the effects of deregulation on safety within the airline industry are
usually conducted independent of similar studies for other modes of
transportation.

This book addresses these issues and such omissions by sequentially
covering the topic of transportation safety across major modes of
transportation (that is, automobiles, trucks, aircraft, recreational boats,
commercial vessels, and railroads) in one volume. We examine the
causes of accidents for each mode of transportation, drawing heavily on
the recent literature. The deterrents of accidents and the reduction of the
effects of accidents, be they due to safety devices or public policies and
legislation, are examined by mode of transportation. Where applicable,
accident deterrents and policies are compared across modes. In addition,
where pertinent, we indicate that various modes of transportation may
not be equally affected by the same types of contributing factors of
accidents. Also, we address the issue that safety policies that are
effective for one mode of transportation may not be necessarily as
effective, if at all, in another mode. In any case, this volume presents a
concise evaluation of factors and policies that contribute to
transportation safety issues across various modes.

-xvi-